Core Viewpoint - Beijing has made significant progress in air quality improvement through innovative technology and precise pollution source identification, leading to a notable reduction in PM2.5 levels over the years [2][3]. Group 1: PM2.5 Source Analysis - The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing for 2024 is projected to be 30.5 micrograms per cubic meter, a decrease of 65.9% compared to 2013 [2]. - Beijing pioneered a comprehensive source analysis methodology for PM2.5, releasing results in 2014, 2018, and 2021, which quantified the sources and regional transmission of PM2.5 [2][3]. - The source analysis technology has been applied in over 30 major cities across China, contributing to significant improvements in PM2.5 concentrations in key regions [3]. Group 2: Intelligent Monitoring and Data Integration - Beijing has established a new generation of intelligent monitoring networks, integrating over 200,000 smart sensing points and utilizing more than 20 algorithms to enhance environmental governance [4]. - The system has generated over 16,000 data-driven clues related to air, water, and soil quality, achieving over 70% accuracy and increasing non-site enforcement to 40% [4]. - This innovative governance model has been recognized as an excellent case in national ecological environment smart monitoring and has been promoted to over 40 provinces and cities [4]. Group 3: Water Pollution Source Tracking - A multi-method integrated water source tracing technology system has been developed, featuring the first ultraviolet-visible fingerprint spectrum tracing technology in China [5]. - The system allows for rapid identification of pollution sources by comparing water pollution absorption spectra with a fingerprint database [5]. - This water quality tracing technology has been successfully applied in various environmental protection efforts, providing over 2,000 tracing clues to support water environment governance [6]. Group 4: Future Research Directions - Beijing plans to focus on key issues for foundational research to further improve environmental quality, including studies on the migration and transformation mechanisms of nitrate in particulate matter [7]. - The city aims to develop low-cost and efficient governance technologies for VOCs and establish a comprehensive vehicle emission monitoring network using big data and AI [7].