> 我国已形成以硅材料开发和应用为核心的光伏产业链 科学 | 公正 | 创新 | 服务 光伏产业绿色发展政策解析 管琪 中国电子技术标准化研究院 r 光伏产业总体情况 上游 硅料,硅片等 中游 上中下游产业链世界领先,多晶硅、硅片、电池片、 电池,组件等 组件四个制造环节全球产量占比均超75% 下游 电站建设等 antit 12022000000 8 8 硅片产量:753GW 电池片产量:654GW 可持续清洁光伏新能源并非完全绿色,产业链绿色低碳可持续发展至关重要 目录 8 01 产品层面 欧 02 组织层面 8 03 从"坟墓"到"摇篮" 100 04 赋能零碳建设 = 产品层面：低碳与绿色 The OLL 2024年8月,中共中央、国 务院印发《关于加快经济社会 发展全面绿色转型的意见》: 建立产品碳足迹管理体系和产 品碳标识认证制度;适时将碳 足迹要求纳入政府采购;参与 相关国际标准制定修订, 与主要贸易伙伴在碳足迹等规 川方向街样与认 1.低碳是光伏产业的根本优势 2024年8月,市场监管总 2024年6月,生态环境部3 十五部门《关于建立碳足迹 管理体系的实施方案》:建 立健全碳足迹管理体系： 布 ...

（原标题：山东政商要情（12.29—1.4）） 1，山东发布2026年促进经济"稳中求进、提质增效"政策清单 2025年12月31日，山东省人民政府网站正式发布《2026年促进经济"稳中求进、提质增效"政策清单（第 一批）》（下称《政策清单》）。《政策清单》共包括五个方面28项政策举措，其中20项政策为奖励补 助类，资金全部用于支持优质企业发展和项目建设，让企业更有获得感，进一步激发市场活力。 巩固服务业向好态势被置于首要位置。根据《政策清单》，山东将重点支持新纳统以及"准规上"企业， 从山东省服务业发展引导资金中安排5000万元，对符合条件的企业在建项目给予支持；安排1.5亿元， 对现代服务业项目给予补助，其中，安排9000万元围绕人工智能、工业互联网、科技研发、检验检测、 质量认证等重点领域，支持高端生产性服务业企业项目建设，安排6000万元聚焦服务业骨干行业，支持 互联网批发、专业市场、多式联运、仓储物流等重点领域优质项目。同时，进一步扩大服务业发展引导 资金规模，加力支持平台型企业、"两业"融合类项目。 提示：政策集成供给是近年来山东省委、省政府稳经济的创新举措、有力抓手。2025年山东省先后出台 三 ...

近日，山东省出台《关于推进绿色转型健全碳足迹管理体系的行动方案》，致力于从源头到末端建 立健全的碳足迹管理体系。 《行动方案》强调，建设省级碳足迹因子背景数据库，推进产品碳足迹标识认证，参与碳足迹标准 体系建设，提升碳计量保障能力，探索产品碳足迹分级管理制度，推动企业碳排放数据应用。在东营、 威海、青岛、烟台、济宁、枣庄等市开展轮胎产品碳足迹标识认证，在滨州、聊城、烟台、潍坊等市开 展电解铝产品碳足迹标识认证。 《行动方案》明确指出，推动在绿色建材试点、绿色工厂建设中采信产品碳足迹认证和分级评定结 果，支持符合条件的产品碳足迹标识认证企业参与政府质量奖、好品山东、"泰山品质"认证等评选。 （记者 杨成 ） 《行动方案》明确提出，深化青岛、东营、烟台、聊城等城市试点，并鼓励自贸区、开发区等先行 先试。在钢铁、轮胎、纺织、铝冶炼等典型行业，聚焦产业链上下游深化碳足迹试点。到2027年，完成 典型行业300个产品碳足迹核算；到2030年，完成600个产品碳足迹核算，形成约100个成熟的本地化产 品碳足迹因子数据集。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The establishment of a carbon footprint management system is essential for promoting green transformation and enhancing international competitiveness in response to global carbon pricing policies [1] Group 1: Carbon Footprint Management System - The Chinese government aims to establish a carbon footprint management system by 2027 and further improve it by 2030, addressing the need for a unified accounting standard and certification system [1] - The current challenges include a lack of standardized accounting methods, insufficient local databases, and low levels of international recognition [1] Group 2: Standard System Construction - A layered and collaborative standard system is necessary to address the fragmentation of current industry standards and improve international alignment [2] - Focus on key industries such as steel, cement, and aluminum to develop specific standards that reflect the unique characteristics of different sectors [2] Group 3: Emission Factor Database - The creation of a diverse emission factor database is crucial for ensuring the credibility of carbon accounting [3] - A national-level database is set to launch in 2025, supplemented by local and industry-specific databases to support accurate carbon footprint calculations [3] Group 4: Certification and Application Mechanism - A unified carbon footprint certification system is being developed to enhance transparency and drive low-carbon transformation across supply chains [4] - The certification process will prioritize products with high export potential and government procurement [4] Group 5: Value Creation from Carbon Footprint - Encouraging companies to integrate carbon footprint data into their procurement processes can enhance collaboration across the supply chain [5] - Financial institutions are being supported to create differentiated pricing products based on carbon footprints, promoting low-carbon financing options [5] Group 6: International Cooperation - Active participation in international carbon governance is essential, especially in light of the EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism (CBAM) [6] - Establishing mutual recognition frameworks for carbon footprint data with major trading partners can reduce compliance costs for companies [6]

Core Insights - The national carbon market in China is transitioning from intensity control to total control during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, with a focus on enhancing green and low-carbon transformation in key industries [1][2][3] Group 1: Mandatory Carbon Market - The mandatory carbon market has expanded to include the steel, cement, and aluminum industries, which will enhance emission reduction responsibilities for these sectors [2] - By 2027, priority will be given to implementing total quota control for industries with relatively stable carbon emissions, ensuring effective compliance with national greenhouse gas emission control targets [2][3] - The carbon market has already reduced overall emission reduction costs in the power generation sector by approximately 35 billion yuan during the first two compliance cycles [3] Group 2: Voluntary Carbon Market - The voluntary carbon market has entered a critical development phase, with 31 projects registered and a total of 1.504 million tons of CCER traded, amounting to a transaction value of 270 million yuan [4][5] - The framework for the voluntary carbon market has been established across management systems, technical methods, and infrastructure, with a focus on enhancing the integrity and regulatory compliance of voluntary reduction projects [4][5] Group 3: Carbon Footprint Management - The average carbon footprint factor for electricity in China has decreased by 6.9% from 0.6205 kg CO2 equivalent per kWh in 2023 to 0.5777 kg CO2 equivalent per kWh in 2024, reflecting improvements in energy structure and technological innovation [6][7] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is committed to building a product carbon footprint management system, addressing key issues related to calculation and data availability [6][7]

Group 1: National Carbon Market Development - The national carbon market is transitioning from intensity control to total control during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, with a focus on total carbon emission control [2] - The inclusion of the steel, cement, and aluminum industries in the carbon trading market is expected to enhance their green and low-carbon transformation [2][3] - By 2027, priority will be given to implementing total quota control for industries with relatively stable carbon emissions [2] Group 2: Low-Carbon Investment and Technology Innovation - The carbon market has driven low-carbon investments and accelerated the innovation and promotion of green technologies [3] - The overall reduction cost in the power generation sector has decreased by approximately 35 billion yuan through carbon trading in the first two compliance cycles [3] - The expansion of the carbon market will encourage more enterprises to reduce carbon emissions through technological innovation and management efficiency improvements [3] Group 3: Voluntary Carbon Market Growth - The national voluntary greenhouse gas reduction trading market has entered a critical phase of rapid development, with 31 projects registered and a total transaction volume of 3.25 million tons of CCER [4][5] - The market has established a framework for management systems, technical methods, and infrastructure, enhancing the integrity and standardization of voluntary reduction projects [4] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment is actively soliciting opinions on various voluntary reduction project methodologies to support diverse project development [4][5] Group 4: Carbon Footprint Management System - The average carbon footprint factor for electricity in 2024 is reported to be 0.5777 kg CO2 equivalent per kWh, a 6.9% decrease from 2023 [6][7] - The establishment of a product carbon footprint management system is a key focus for deepening ecological civilization reforms [6] - The Ministry of Ecology and Environment plans to continue enhancing the research and publication of carbon footprint factors for electricity and other key products [7]

Core Viewpoint - The "Nonferrous Metals Industry Stabilization and Growth Work Plan (2025-2026)" aims to address challenges in the nonferrous metals sector, focusing on resource security, supply optimization, transformation promotion, consumption expansion, and enhanced cooperation to ensure stable growth and high-quality development [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Growth Targets - The plan sets a target for an average annual growth of approximately 5% in the value added of the nonferrous metals industry from 2025 to 2026, with a 1.5% annual increase in the production of ten major nonferrous metals [2]. - The production of recycled metals is expected to exceed 20 million tons, with advancements in domestic resource development for copper, aluminum, and lithium [2]. Group 2: Resource Utilization and Exploration - The plan emphasizes efficient resource utilization and improving resource security, including a new round of exploration strategies for copper, aluminum, lithium, nickel, cobalt, and tin [2]. - It supports the development of green and efficient mining technologies for low-grade and complex ores, as well as the comprehensive utilization of waste nonferrous metals [2]. Group 3: International Cooperation and Trade - The plan aims to enhance international development levels, guiding enterprises to respond to unreasonable foreign trade restrictions and promoting the compliant export of high-end new materials [2]. - It encourages the import of primary products like anode copper and alumina, and supports the establishment of overseas nonferrous metal projects and trade cooperation zones [2]. Group 4: Technological Innovation and Investment - The plan calls for strengthening technological innovation in the industry to enhance effective supply capabilities, focusing on breakthroughs in high-purity metals and advanced materials [6]. - It aims to expand effective investment and facilitate industry transformation through streamlined project approvals and environmental assessments [6]. Group 5: Consumption Expansion and Market Development - The plan seeks to stimulate market consumption potential by promoting the upgrade of bulk metal consumption and expanding applications for high-end aluminum, copper, and magnesium alloys [7]. - It encourages long-term procurement agreements between upstream and downstream enterprises to establish stable cooperative relationships [7]. Group 6: Industry Performance and Economic Impact - The nonferrous metals industry is a crucial foundational sector, with significant strategic value and high industrial correlation, having become the largest producer and consumer globally [8]. - In 2024, the industry is projected to see an 8.9% year-on-year increase in value added, outperforming the average industrial growth rate by 3.1 percentage points [8].

Core Viewpoint - The "Nonferrous Metals Industry Stabilization and Growth Work Plan (2025-2026)" aims to address challenges in the nonferrous metals sector, focusing on resource security, supply optimization, transformation promotion, consumption expansion, and enhanced cooperation to ensure sustainable growth and high-quality development [1][2]. Group 1: Industry Growth Targets - The plan sets a target for an average annual growth of approximately 5% in the added value of the nonferrous metals industry from 2025 to 2026, with a 1.5% annual increase in the production of ten major nonferrous metals [2]. - The production of recycled metals is expected to exceed 20 million tons, with advancements in domestic resource development for copper, aluminum, and lithium [2]. Group 2: Resource Utilization and Exploration - The plan emphasizes efficient resource utilization and improving resource security through a new round of exploration strategies for copper, aluminum, lithium, nickel, cobalt, and tin [2]. - It supports the development of green and efficient mining technologies for low-grade and complex ores, as well as the comprehensive utilization of waste nonferrous metals [2]. Group 3: International Cooperation and Trade - The plan encourages enhancing international development levels and guiding enterprises to respond to unreasonable foreign trade restrictions [2]. - It aims to increase imports of primary products like anode copper and alumina while supporting the import of recycled metals that meet standards [2]. Group 4: Technological Innovation and Industry Transformation - The plan calls for strengthening technological innovation in the industry to enhance effective supply capabilities, focusing on high-purity metals and advanced materials [5][6]. - It promotes investment in projects related to aluminum, copper smelting, and lithium carbonate, while also advancing energy-saving and emission-reduction transformations [5][6]. Group 5: Market Demand and Consumption Expansion - The plan seeks to stimulate market consumption potential by promoting upgrades in bulk metal consumption and expanding applications for high-end aluminum, copper, and magnesium alloys [6]. - It encourages long-term procurement agreements between upstream and downstream enterprises to establish stable cooperative relationships [6]. Group 6: Industry Performance and Economic Impact - The nonferrous metals industry has rapidly developed, becoming the largest producer and consumer globally, with a projected 8.9% growth in added value for 2024 [7]. - The industry’s revenue and profit are expected to grow by 15.8% and 16.5% year-on-year, respectively, supporting strategic emerging industries and overall economic growth [7].

Core Viewpoint - The Sichuan Provincial Ecological Environment Department and 14 other departments have jointly issued the "Implementation Plan for the Construction of Carbon Footprint Management System in Sichuan Province," which outlines a timeline and roadmap for establishing a product carbon footprint management system to promote green and low-carbon supply chain development and achieve carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals [1][3]. Group 1: Carbon Footprint Management System - The product carbon footprint connects production enterprises and consumers, facilitating greenhouse gas emission reduction across the entire lifecycle [2]. - The management system will consist of "two major cornerstones" (carbon footprint accounting standards and carbon footprint factor database) and "three systems" (product carbon labeling certification, carbon footprint grading management, and information disclosure) [2][3]. - By 2027, the initial establishment of the carbon footprint management system is targeted, with further improvements and expanded application scenarios by 2030 [3]. Group 2: Key Tasks and Focus Areas - The plan includes multiple petrochemical products in its scope, emphasizing the establishment of accounting rules and standards for products such as natural gas, fuel, fertilizers, hydrogen, and lithium batteries [4]. - Priority will be given to carbon footprint accounting for key products in sectors like decoration materials, lithium batteries, and clean energy equipment [4]. - The plan supports the development of low-carbon supply chains, particularly in the fields of power batteries, new energy vehicles, and photovoltaics [4]. Group 3: Preparation for Enterprises - Enterprises are advised to enhance their management systems by integrating carbon footprint factors into their supply chain management and establishing monitoring and reporting mechanisms [5][6]. - Strengthening accounting applications is crucial, including collaboration with certification bodies and adherence to various standards for carbon footprint assessment [6]. - Companies should focus on energy-saving and carbon reduction strategies, targeting major emission sources and promoting relevant technologies [6]. - Capacity building is essential, involving talent acquisition, foundational research, and training on carbon footprint management [6].

Core Viewpoint - Beijing has made significant progress in air quality improvement through innovative technology and precise pollution source identification, leading to a notable reduction in PM2.5 levels over the years [2][3]. Group 1: PM2.5 Source Analysis - The annual average concentration of PM2.5 in Beijing for 2024 is projected to be 30.5 micrograms per cubic meter, a decrease of 65.9% compared to 2013 [2]. - Beijing pioneered a comprehensive source analysis methodology for PM2.5, releasing results in 2014, 2018, and 2021, which quantified the sources and regional transmission of PM2.5 [2][3]. - The source analysis technology has been applied in over 30 major cities across China, contributing to significant improvements in PM2.5 concentrations in key regions [3]. Group 2: Intelligent Monitoring and Data Integration - Beijing has established a new generation of intelligent monitoring networks, integrating over 200,000 smart sensing points and utilizing more than 20 algorithms to enhance environmental governance [4]. - The system has generated over 16,000 data-driven clues related to air, water, and soil quality, achieving over 70% accuracy and increasing non-site enforcement to 40% [4]. - This innovative governance model has been recognized as an excellent case in national ecological environment smart monitoring and has been promoted to over 40 provinces and cities [4]. Group 3: Water Pollution Source Tracking - A multi-method integrated water source tracing technology system has been developed, featuring the first ultraviolet-visible fingerprint spectrum tracing technology in China [5]. - The system allows for rapid identification of pollution sources by comparing water pollution absorption spectra with a fingerprint database [5]. - This water quality tracing technology has been successfully applied in various environmental protection efforts, providing over 2,000 tracing clues to support water environment governance [6]. Group 4: Future Research Directions - Beijing plans to focus on key issues for foundational research to further improve environmental quality, including studies on the migration and transformation mechanisms of nitrate in particulate matter [7]. - The city aims to develop low-cost and efficient governance technologies for VOCs and establish a comprehensive vehicle emission monitoring network using big data and AI [7].