Markets rarely operate in isolation, but few cross commodity relationships are direct as one between [music] the energy and the row crops. Around 40% of the US corn crop is used for ethanol [music] production, yielding roughly 15 billion gallons annually that are blended into the domestic gasoline supply under the renewable fuel standard. When gasoline prices rise, ethanol [music] blending economics approve and refiners compete more aggressively for corn, a dynamic that works its way directly into futures p ...

March 25, 2026 CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS H.C. Wainwright Renewable Fuels Day Forward-Looking Statements This Presentation has been prepared by Calumet, Inc. (the "Company," "Calumet," "we," "our" or like terms) as of March 25, 2026. The information in this Presentation includes certain "forward-looking statements." These statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology including "may," "intend," "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "estimate," "forecast," "outlook," "continue" or other simil ...

Core Viewpoint - Gevo, Inc. emphasizes the strategic value of its intellectual property portfolio, highlighting significant growth opportunities from its proprietary technology for sustainable aviation fuel (SAF) and carbon management systems [1][2]. Intellectual Property and Technology - Gevo has developed a comprehensive intellectual property position with over 550 issued and pending patents related to converting bio-based feedstocks into energy-dense hydrocarbons and chemicals [2][3]. - The company holds 17 patents issued in the last two years, focusing on advanced low-cost technologies for producing fuels and chemicals, integrating production technologies, and innovative business systems [2]. Business Model and Operations - Gevo's business model aims to create cost-effective, drop-in fuels that enhance energy security and support rural economic growth [4]. - The company operates an ethanol plant with a carbon capture and sequestration facility and one of the largest dairy-based renewable natural gas facilities in the U.S. [4]. - Gevo is developing the world's first large-scale ATJ facility at its North Dakota site, which will enhance its production capabilities [4]. Market Approach - The company is creating a replicable playbook for its intellectual property and business system to enable a franchise approach for deploying SAF globally, which is expected to enhance revenue generation [2][4]. - Gevo's market-driven "pay for performance" approach regarding carbon and sustainability attributes aims to deliver value to local economies [4].

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - For the full year 2025, the company reported consolidated net income of $90 million and EBITDA of $591 million [4] - The fourth quarter consolidated net loss was $116 million, with EBITDA of $51 million, impacted by accelerated depreciation and extended downtime [4][5] - The net loss attributable to CVI shareholders for Q4 2025 was $110 million, with losses per share of $1.10 and adjusted EBITDA of $91 million [7] Business Segment Data and Key Metrics Changes - In the petroleum segment, EBITDA for Q4 2025 was $73 million, a significant increase from $9 million in Q4 2024, driven by higher crack spreads and increased throughput [7] - The fertilizer segment reported adjusted EBITDA of $20 million for Q4 2025, down from $50 million in the prior year, affected by ammonia utilization rates and operational issues [11] - The renewable segment experienced a breakeven adjusted EBITDA for Q4 2025, a decline from $9 million in Q4 2024, due to loss of tax credits and reduced throughput [10] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Combined total throughput for Q4 2025 was approximately 218,000 barrels per day, with a utilization rate of 97% [8] - Benchmark cracks for Q4 softened to an average of $22.70 per barrel, with realized margins adjusted for various liabilities at $9.92 per barrel [8][9] - RINs prices declined approximately 18 cents per barrel from Q3 2025, averaging $6.05 per barrel for Q4 [9] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to focus on safe and reliable operations, reevaluating commercial optimization opportunities to improve margin capture in the petroleum segment [18][19] - Plans include expanding asset footprint and pursuing geographic diversity while maintaining disciplined capital allocation [20] - The company is optimistic about refining sector fundamentals, anticipating steady demand growth for refined products and a slowdown in global refining capacity additions [21] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed cautious optimism regarding RINs and the potential for full or partial SRE grants for Wynnewood Refining Company [23] - In the fertilizer segment, strong demand for nitrogen fertilizers is expected due to anticipated corn planting increases [24] - The company is optimistic about the Midcontinent market, expecting improved dynamics with new pipeline developments [49] Other Important Information - Cash flow from operations for Q4 2025 was breakeven, with free cash flow usage of $55 million [12] - Total consolidated capital spending for 2025 was $197 million, with projections for 2026 estimated at $200 million to $240 million [13] - The company ended the quarter with a consolidated cash balance of $511 million [14] Q&A Session Summary Question: Expansion plans and asset acquisition strategy - The company is looking for proactive engagement in M&A discussions, focusing on both refining and fertilizer sectors while maintaining financial discipline [28][29] Question: Dividend return expectations - Management indicated that a clear path to further debt reduction is necessary before considering a modest dividend return, emphasizing sustainability in any future dividend [31][33] Question: Ramping up WCS runs at Coffeyville refinery - The company is prepared to increase WCS processing due to favorable market conditions and has upgraded its facilities to handle increased throughput [38][39] Question: RIN prices and blending strategies - Management acknowledged the steep costs associated with RINs and is exploring options to blend more barrels and acquire additional blending capacity [42][43] Question: Capture rates and pipeline projects - The company is optimistic about improving margin capture rates and sees potential benefits from new pipeline infrastructure in the Midcontinent region [46][49]

Group 1 - Performance was impacted by accelerated depreciation from reverting the Wynnewood renewable diesel unit to hydrocarbon processing and extended downtime at the Coffeyville fertilizer plant [1] - Management is initiating a cultural shift toward commercial optimization to improve margin capture by responding faster to volatile market windows and feedstock opportunities [1] - The reversion of the Wynnewood unit is expected to expand crude slate flexibility and allow for the repurposing of rail assets for better feedstock security [1] Group 2 - At Coffeyville, the company is aggressively ramping up WCS processing toward 20,000 barrels per day to capitalize on widening Canadian crude differentials [1] - The Fertilizer segment faced a 3-week startup delay caused by a third-party air separation plant, though underlying nitrogen demand remains robust due to high corn acreage estimates [1] - Management is adopting a more proactive stance toward M&A, seeking geographic diversity and scale through bilateral discussions rather than traditional auction processes [1]

Core Insights - PBF Energy Inc. reported a fourth-quarter 2025 adjusted earnings of 49 cents per share, surpassing the Zacks Consensus Estimate of a loss of 15 cents, and improving from a loss of $2.82 per share in the same quarter last year [1][8] - Total quarterly revenues decreased to $7.14 billion from $7.35 billion in the prior-year quarter, but still exceeded the Zacks Consensus Estimate of $6.98 billion [1] Financial Performance - The strong quarterly earnings were attributed to a higher refining margin per barrel of throughput and a reduction in total costs and expenses [2] - PBF Energy's operating income in the Refining segment was $205.7 million, a significant recovery from an operating loss of $362 million a year ago [3] - The Logistics segment generated a profit of $52.7 million, slightly up from $51.7 million in the prior-year quarter [3] Throughput and Margins - Crude oil and feedstock throughput volumes reached 888.9 thousand barrels per day (bpd), an increase from 862 thousand bpd a year ago, with the East Coast contributing 37.2% of the total throughput [4] - The company-wide gross refining margin per barrel of throughput was $11.16, significantly higher than $4.89 in the previous year, with notable increases across all regions [5] Costs and Expenses - Total costs and expenses for the quarter were $7 billion, down from $7.7 billion in the year-ago period, with cost of sales amounting to $7.3 billion [6] Capital Expenditure and Balance Sheet - PBF Energy invested $113.6 million in capital for refining operations and $3.1 million for logistics businesses, ending the quarter with cash and cash equivalents of $527.9 million [7] - The total debt stood at $2.15 billion, resulting in a total debt-to-capitalization ratio of 28% [7] Outlook - For the first quarter of 2026, PBF Energy expects throughput volumes on the East Coast to be between 280,000 bpd and 300,000 bpd, with similar estimates for other regions [9] - The company is also working to restore the full operational capability of the Martinez refinery within the year [9]

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Combined adjusted EBITDA for Q4 2025 was $336.1 million, an increase from $289 million in Q4 2024 and $245 million in Q3 2025 [12] - Total net sales for Q4 2025 reached $1.7 billion, compared to $1.4 billion in Q4 2024 [12] - Gross margins improved to 25.1% in Q4 2025 from 23.5% in Q4 2024 [13] - For the full year 2025, core ingredients EBITDA was $922 million, up from $790 million in 2024 [12] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Core ingredients EBITDA for Q4 2025 was $278 million, compared to $230 million in Q4 2024 [12] - Feed segment EBITDA improved to $193 million in Q4 2025 from $150 million a year ago, with total sales of $1.13 billion versus $924 million [13] - Food segment total sales for Q4 2025 were $429 million, up from $362 million in Q4 2024 [14] - Fuel segment, specifically Diamond Green Diesel (DGD), achieved $57.9 million in EBITDA for Q4 2025, marking its strongest quarter of the year [8][15] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Demand for domestic fats in the U.S. remains robust, supported by favorable agricultural and energy policies [8] - Internationally, the global rendering business in Europe, Canada, and Brazil showed solid year-over-year growth [8] - DGD sold approximately 1 billion gallons in 2025, earning $103.7 million in EBITDA, or $0.21 per gallon [9] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to be the world's largest and most profitable processor of animal byproducts, focusing on operational excellence and core strengths [5] - Plans to sharpen the portfolio may lead to asset sales, while also exploring opportunities to strengthen and expand core business [10] - The company is optimistic about the policy backdrop for renewable fuels, which is expected to enhance DGD's earning potential [9] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management acknowledged the uncertainties from evolving renewables public policy and global trade but emphasized a commitment to fundamentals [5] - The outlook for 2026 is encouraging, with positive global demand trends and expectations for improved margins in the fuel segment [8][20] - Management anticipates a modest pullback in Q1 2026 but expects core ingredients adjusted EBITDA to be in the range of $240 million to $250 million [21] Other Important Information - The company recorded an income tax benefit of $11 million for Q4 2025, with an effective tax rate of -15.3% [18] - Restructuring and impairment charges of $58 million were recorded in the quarter [19] - The company ended 2025 with approximately $1.3 billion available on its revolving credit facility [17] Q&A Session Summary Question: Guidance for DGD margins and potential inclusion in future guidance - Management indicated that guidance for DGD will depend on clarity regarding the Renewable Volume Obligation (RVO) [27][28] Question: Sensitivity of the feed business to RVO changes - Management noted that the feed business is sensitive to U.S. and North American feedstock values, which are expected to be supportive [29] Question: Insights on biofuels production and feedstock demand - Management stated that there hasn't been a significant increase in biofuel production yet, and better margins are needed to incentivize more production [33] Question: Expectations for the food business and EBITDA - Management expressed optimism for the collagen and gelatin business, expecting a year similar to or better than the previous year [35] Question: RVO expectations and potential impact on Darling's feed business - Management supports an RVO for advanced biofuels translating to 5.25 billion to 5.61 billion gallons, which would be constructive for margins [40] Question: Rationale for the Potencei Group acquisition - Management highlighted the strategic fit of the Potencei facilities within their existing footprint and the potential for margin enhancement [68] Question: Capital allocation priorities post-leverage targets - Management emphasized that capital allocation will focus on paying down debt, with reassessment following clarity on cash flow from DGD [79]

Group 1: Stock Performance and Market Conditions - Chevron's shares increased by 16.1% in January, outperforming the S&P 500's 1.4% rise [1] - Oil prices rebounded in January, with WTI rising by 14% and Brent by 16%, marking the first monthly gain in six months [1][2] Group 2: Supply Concerns and Geopolitical Factors - Supply concerns, particularly related to Venezuela and tensions with Iran, were significant factors driving oil prices higher [2] - The capture of former Venezuelan President Nicolás Maduro could impact oil flows due to the country's substantial oil reserves [2] Group 3: Chevron's Operational Strength - Chevron has operated in Venezuela for over 100 years and could play a role in rebuilding the country's oil infrastructure [3] - The company reported strong fourth-quarter financial results, despite a decline in earnings compared to 2024 due to lower oil prices [4][5] Group 4: Financial Performance and Shareholder Returns - Chevron returned $27.1 billion to shareholders through dividends and repurchases last year, and increased its dividend by 4% at the start of this year, marking 39 consecutive years of dividend growth [6] - The company achieved record production volumes and significant free cash flow growth, aided by its acquisition of Hess and expansion projects [5][6] Group 5: Growth Strategy and Diversification - Chevron made meaningful progress on its growth strategy, including the completion of the Hess acquisition and the initiation of several expansion projects [7] - The company is diversifying beyond oil and gas, with initiatives such as the Geismar renewable diesel plant and entry into the U.S. lithium sector [7]

Financial Performance - Marathon Petroleum Corp. reported a net income of $1.5 billion, or $5.12 per diluted share, for Q4 2025, a significant increase from $371 million, or $1.15 per diluted share, in Q4 2024 [1][7] - Adjusted net income for Q4 2025 was $1.2 billion, or $4.07 per diluted share, compared to $249 million, or $0.77 per diluted share, in Q4 2024 [1][3] - For the full year 2025, net income attributable to MPC was $4.0 billion, or $13.22 per diluted share, up from $3.4 billion, or $10.08 per diluted share, in 2024 [3][7] - Adjusted EBITDA for Q4 2025 was $3.5 billion, compared to $2.1 billion in Q4 2024 [2][5] - Full-year adjusted EBITDA for 2025 was $12.0 billion, an increase from $11.3 billion in 2024 [3][5] Operational Highlights - Refining & Marketing segment adjusted EBITDA was $1,997 million in Q4 2025, up from $559 million in Q4 2024, with a margin of $7.15 per barrel compared to $2.03 per barrel in the prior year [6][8] - Full-year refining utilization was 94% with a margin capture of 105%, indicating strong operational performance [7] - Crude capacity utilization was 95%, resulting in total throughput of 3.0 million barrels per day for Q4 2025 [8] Cash Flow and Capital Returns - Cash provided by operating activities was $8.3 billion for the full year 2025, slightly down from $8.7 billion in 2024 [3][7] - The company returned approximately $1.3 billion of capital to shareholders in Q4 2025, with a total of $4.5 billion in capital returns for the year [7][13] Strategic Initiatives - The company plans to allocate $1.5 billion for standalone capital spending in 2026, focusing 65% on value-enhancing projects and 35% on sustaining capital [14][17] - Key investments include high-return projects at various refineries, with specific capital expenditures outlined for refining and marketing segments [17][20] Financial Position - As of December 31, 2025, the company had $3.7 billion in cash and cash equivalents, with no borrowings under its $5 billion revolving credit facility [13][49] - Total consolidated debt stood at $32.9 billion, with MPC debt at $7.2 billion and MPLX debt at $25.7 billion [49]

Core Viewpoint - Valero Energy Corporation (VLO) is expected to report a significant increase in fourth-quarter earnings, with a consensus estimate of $3.19 per share, reflecting a 398.4% year-over-year improvement, despite a projected revenue decline of 6% to $28.9 billion [2][5]. Earnings Performance - VLO has consistently exceeded earnings estimates in the past four quarters, with an average surprise of 138.8% [3]. - The company has experienced four upward and two downward revisions in earnings estimates over the last 30 days [2]. Earnings Estimates and Trends - The current earnings estimate of $3.19 per share shows a positive trend compared to previous estimates, with a 3.57% increase over the last 30 days [3]. - The Earnings ESP (Expected Surprise Prediction) stands at -2.90%, indicating a lower likelihood of an earnings beat this quarter [4]. Market and Operational Factors - Valero is anticipated to benefit from strong refining margins due to lower crude prices, which averaged $59.64 per barrel compared to $70.74 in the prior-year quarter, thus reducing feedstock costs [5][6]. - However, the company faces challenges in the Renewable Diesel segment and increased depreciation and amortization expenses related to the closure of the Benecia Refinery, which may negatively impact earnings [7]. Stock Performance and Valuation - VLO's stock has increased by 32.4% over the past year, outperforming the industry average of 16% [8]. - The company is currently considered overvalued, with a trailing 12-month EV/EBITDA ratio of 9.02X, significantly higher than the industry average of 4.66X [9]. Company Overview - Valero Energy operates 15 refineries with a combined throughput capacity of 3.2 million barrels per day, providing operational flexibility to process various feedstocks [11]. - The company maintains a strong financial position with a low debt-to-capitalization ratio of 18% as of September 30, 2025, and utilizes excess free cash flow for share buybacks [13]. Industry Context - The refining industry is cyclical and volatile, with margins dependent on crude oil prices and demand for refined products, which can fluctuate significantly [13]. - Other refining companies like Phillips 66 and Par Pacific Holdings are also expected to benefit from favorable refining margins due to tightened supply and resilient demand for refined fuels [16].