Core Viewpoint - Commonwealth Fusion Systems (CFS) has raised $863 million from various investors, including Nvidia and Google, to advance nuclear fusion technology towards commercialization [1][6]. Funding and Investment - CFS has raised nearly $3 billion to date, leading all nuclear fusion startups, with a previous funding round of $1.8 billion in 2021 [1]. - The recent funding round saw participation from a wide array of investors, with no single lead investor, and included both existing and new investors [6][7]. - Notable existing investors that increased their stakes include Breakthrough Energy Ventures, Emerson Collective, and Google, while new investors include Brevan Howard and Morgan Stanley [6]. Project Development - CFS is constructing a prototype reactor named Sparc in the Boston suburbs, expected to be operational by late next year, aiming for scientific breakeven by 2027 [2][3]. - Sparc is crucial for CFS's success, as it will help validate scientific principles and provide essential cost data for future projects [3][7]. - Following Sparc, CFS plans to build a commercial-scale power plant named Arc in Virginia, with construction expected to begin around 2027 or 2028, contingent on Sparc's performance [3][7]. Technology and Design - Both Sparc and Arc utilize a tokamak design, which employs superconducting magnets to confine and compress plasma for nuclear fusion [4]. - The technology is recognized in the scientific community, but there are uncertainties regarding its practical performance [5]. Strategic Partnerships - CFS has signed an agreement with Google to purchase 200 megawatts of power from the Arc project, indicating strategic partnerships that may benefit supply chain development [7]. - The construction costs for Arc are anticipated to be high, potentially reaching billions, and the company is still determining the financing structure for this project [7].