这项研究在国际上实现了Mb尺度人类基因组的从头合成组装、跨物种转移与功能重塑。SynNICE方法 具有双重价值：首次揭示了合成基因组在进入受体细胞后被细胞环境识别和重塑的过程，为研究表观遗 传修饰的的从头建立提供了全新的技术手段；为染色体异常相关疾病的治疗开辟了新思路，未来有望发 展出针对染色体疾病的创新性治疗方案，并推动其向临床应用转化。 链接 自21世纪初"人类基因组计划"完成人类染色体测序以来，研究人员便开始追求"从头书写"基因组的能 力。基因组合成有助于揭示人类基因组的DNA序列与功能之间的因果关系，从利用测序技术"读取"遗 传信息，到主动地"编写"生命密码，有望在生物医药、人类遗传性疾病的治疗等领域开辟变革性的应用 前景。我国在基因组合成领域进行了超前布局，2015年天津大学元英进团队成功完成了酿酒酵母5号和 10号两条染色体的化学合成，开发了高效的染色体缺陷靶点定位和精准修复技术，相关研究成果于2017 年发表在《科学》期刊后，就致力于突破人类基因组合成的关键技术。 为染色体异常相关疾病治疗开辟新思路 中化新网讯 7月10日，中国化工报记者从天津大学了解到，该校合成生物与生物制造学院元英进院士团 ...

Core Viewpoint - Synthetic biology aims to "synthesize and design life," with significant advancements in genome synthesis and assembly, particularly in higher organisms, despite facing challenges related to repetitive sequences and cross-species DNA transfer [1][2]. Group 1: Technological Breakthroughs - Tianjin University's team achieved the first precise assembly and cross-species delivery of megabase-scale human DNA, marking a significant milestone in synthetic biology [2]. - The newly developed SynNICE technology enables the precise assembly of highly repetitive human genomic sequences in yeast and facilitates the efficient transfer of synthetic DNA into mouse embryos [3][5]. Group 2: Research Findings - The study successfully demonstrated de novo DNA methylation patterns in mouse embryos, indicating that the synthetic genome can be recognized and modified by the host cell environment [5][7]. - A hierarchical assembly strategy was employed to synthesize a 1.14 Mb region of the human Y chromosome, which is crucial for understanding male infertility [3][7]. Group 3: Implications for Disease Treatment - The research opens new avenues for treating chromosomal abnormalities and could lead to innovative therapeutic strategies for related diseases [7][9]. - The potential for using genetically modified pigs as organ donors for humans could be enhanced, addressing the global organ shortage issue by improving the longevity of transplanted organs [9][10]. Group 4: Future Prospects - The SynNICE technology platform is expected to facilitate large-scale genomic modifications, potentially transforming organ transplantation practices and enhancing the understanding of genetic diseases [11][12]. - The advancements in synthetic genome assembly and transfer techniques are anticipated to propel the field of synthetic biology forward, providing new models for studying epigenetic modifications and chromosomal disorders [10][11].