Core Viewpoint - TSMC has established a dominant position in advanced semiconductor processes, while Intel faces significant operational challenges. The former TSMC R&D leader, Jiang Shangyi, expressed pride in TSMC's achievements post-retirement, highlighting the key factors behind the competition between TSMC and Intel [1][3]. Group 1: TSMC vs. Intel - Jiang Shangyi noted that Intel was historically the leader in semiconductor technology but failed to maintain its competitive edge, leading to TSMC's rise. He humorously remarked that he should have delayed his retirement to witness this success [3]. - The shift in competitive dynamics is attributed to Intel's focus on maintaining technology leadership without considering cost efficiency, while TSMC has consistently sought to reduce costs, making it difficult for Intel to compete on price [3][4]. Group 2: Recommendations for Intel - Jiang suggested that Intel should consider merging with a company that excels in mature processes but struggles in advanced processes to enhance its competitiveness. He implied that companies like UMC and GlobalFoundries could be potential candidates for such a merger [3]. - He emphasized that Intel's current priority should be to regain technology leadership, which he believes is achievable [3]. Group 3: Manufacturing Challenges - The high manufacturing costs in the U.S. compared to Taiwan hinder Intel's competitiveness, particularly as an Integrated Device Manufacturer (IDM) [4]. - Intel's traditional model of "copy exactly" limits its ability to innovate in production processes, while TSMC focuses on improving production efficiency and yield, providing better value to customers [4].