Investment Rating - The report emphasizes the potential for state-owned financial institutions (SOFIs) and state-owned enterprises (SOEs) to drive green investments in Uzbekistan, suggesting a positive outlook for their role in climate action financing [14][15][26]. Core Insights - The Government of Uzbekistan is committed to a green economic transition, recalibrating investment policies and introducing incentives to spur climate investment, with a target of allocating 30% of state funding to green projects by 2026 [14][41]. - SOFIs and SOEs collectively hold significant financial power, with nine SOFIs providing 70% of all loans in the economy, and state investment funds expected to finance about 10% of GDP in 2024 [15][54]. - The report identifies three prime candidates for green financing: the Entrepreneurship Development Company (EDC), Business Development Bank (BDB), and Uzbekistan Mortgage Refinancing Company (UzMRC), each with specific strategies and goals for green investments [19][20][21]. Summary by Sections Executive Summary - Uzbekistan's government has initiated a green economic transition, aligning investment policies and introducing incentives for climate investment [14]. - SOFIs and SOEs are seen as crucial for mobilizing private sector investments by reducing market risks associated with green technologies [16][26]. Purpose and Approach - The study aims to identify SOFIs and SOEs that can effectively adopt climate change and environmental targets in their financing operations, with a focus on readiness to implement the National Green Economy Taxonomy (NGET) [40][41]. The Footprint of Public Finance - A long list of 26 state funds and 37 SOEs was compiled, with significant government spending projected for 2024, including UZS 99 trillion (7.7% of GDP) from state funds [54][55]. - SOEs are expected to play a vital role in enhancing infrastructure and promoting technological advancements, with a budget allocation of UZS 28.1 trillion (2.2% of GDP) for investments [55]. Priority Entities - EDC aims for 35% of its financing to be green by 2026, while BDB is developing a Sustainable Finance Framework and plans to join international green finance platforms [20][21]. - UzMRC is positioned to lead in green housing finance and is preparing to issue green bonds, contingent on the adoption of industry-wide standards for green buildings [22]. Recommendations - The Ministry of Economy and Finance (MEF) should leverage its shareholder rights to mandate green investment strategies across SOFIs and SOEs, ensuring alignment with national climate goals [17][25]. - A central coordination function for climate finance is recommended to streamline resources and optimize synergies between public incentives and private capital [16][17].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the World Bank Group's activities in Mauritania Core Insights - The World Bank Group (WBG) is perceived as a long-term partner in Mauritania, with improved accessibility and effectiveness ratings compared to previous years [50][51] - Familiarity with the WBG has decreased among stakeholders, impacting their perceptions of its effectiveness [12][26] - Key development priorities identified by stakeholders include education, agriculture, and water/sanitation, with a notable increase in the importance of social protection [36][39] Objectives - The survey aimed to understand stakeholder perceptions of the WBG, focusing on familiarity, effectiveness, development priorities, and engagement [4] - It explored how stakeholders view the WBG's alignment with Mauritania's development needs and its overall impact [4] Methodology Overview - Conducted from January to March 2024, the survey included 320 participants with a 46% response rate [5][6] - The survey utilized a mix of face-to-face, courier, and online methods for data collection [5] Overall Context - Stakeholders expressed a need for the WBG to decentralize its activities and focus on local community engagement to combat corruption and improve development outcomes [10] - Trust in the WBG has improved, particularly among civil society organizations, while academia reported lower trust levels [19][20] Key Performance Indicators - The WBG's effectiveness in helping Mauritania achieve development results received a mean rating of 7.3, an increase from 6.1 in FY21 [21] - Ratings for the WBG's relevance and alignment with development priorities were moderately positive, with mean scores of 6.6 and 6.5 respectively [20][30] Development Areas for Focus - Stakeholders prioritized education (51%), agriculture/food security (49%), and water/sanitation (42%) as key areas for WBG investment [36][39] - Climate change emerged as a significant concern, with 15% of respondents identifying it as a priority area [37] Effectiveness of WBG's Sectoral Support - The WBG received high effectiveness ratings in health and agriculture/food security, with notable improvements in social inclusion ratings compared to FY21 [45] - Perceptions of the WBG's financial instruments and project monitoring have improved significantly, indicating a positive trend in stakeholder satisfaction [65][66] Future Role of the WBG - Stakeholders emphasized the importance of transparency, local engagement, and tailored development initiatives to enhance the WBG's effectiveness in Mauritania [73]

Public Disclosure Authorized TUNISIA ECONOMIC MONITOR Equity and Efficiency of Tunisia Tax System Fall 2024 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Tunisia Economic Monitor Equity and Efficiency of Tunisia Tax System Fall 2024 Middle East and North Africa Region © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The Job Quality Index (JQI) shows significant variation across countries in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), with Chile and Costa Rica at the forefront, while Guatemala, Honduras, and Peru rank the lowest [2][14] - Job quality disparities exist within countries, particularly affecting women, youth, and rural workers [2][31] - Economic growth correlates with both job creation and improvements in job quality, as evidenced by the employment-to-GDP elasticity [2][20] - Increases in job quality are often associated with reductions in poverty and inequality [2][17] Summary by Sections Motivation and Methods - Job quality is a critical factor in reducing poverty and inequality in LAC, extending beyond mere earnings to include social insurance and job satisfaction [4] - The JQI incorporates four dimensions: earnings, benefits, security, and satisfaction, to assess job quality [6][10] Findings - The JQI reveals substantial differences in job quality across LAC, with countries like Uruguay and Chile performing well in benefits coverage, while Guatemala and Honduras lag behind [11][14] - Job quality improvements were noted in most countries from the first to the latest available years, with Argentina, Colombia, and Peru showing the most significant gains [14] - A 0.01 increase in the JQI correlates with a 0.9% increase in GDP per capita and a decrease in poverty rates [17] Job Quality Dimensions - The JQI is constructed based on labor income above the poverty line, provision of benefits, job security, and job satisfaction [7][8][10] - Job quality is closely linked to labor productivity, with higher productivity associated with better job quality across sectors [23] Demographic Disparities - Gender gaps in job quality are prevalent, with the widest disparities in Peru, Bolivia, and Ecuador [26] - Young workers (15-24 years) experience the lowest job quality, while prime-age workers (25-54 years) have better job quality [27][28] Final Remarks - The report highlights the heterogeneity in job quality across and within countries in LAC, emphasizing that better jobs are linked to economic development and structural transformation [31]

WORLD BANK GROUP Public Disclosure Authoriz Public Disclosure Authorize blic Disclosure Authoriz blic Disclosure Authori | --- | --- | |---------------------------------------------------|-------| | | | | nigeria development update \| October 2024 | | | aying the course: ogress amid pressing challenges | | | | | Nigeria Development Update October 2024 Staying the course: Progress amid pressing challenges WORLD BANK GROUP NIGERIA DEVELOPMENT UPDATE | OCTOBER 2024 © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction ...

lic Disclosure Authori Policy Research Working Paper 10967 Can Facebook Ads Prevent Malaria? Two Field Experiments in India Dante Donati Nandan Rao Victor Orozco-Olvera Ana Maria Muñoz-Boudet WORLD BANK GROUP Development Economics Development Impact Group November 2024 A verified reproducibility package for this paper is available at http://reproducibility.worldbank.org, click here for direct access ic Disclosure Authori Policy Research Working Paper 10967 Abstract This study uses a cluster randomized contr ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the coastal fisheries sector in Sri Lanka. Core Insights - Sri Lanka's coastal fisheries are crucial for livelihoods, food, and nutrition, contributing approximately 1.2 percent to the GDP in 2022 and providing employment to around 586,000 people, with 54 percent directly involved in fishing [5][6][10] - Coastal fish stocks are declining, failing to meet domestic demand, which negatively impacts livelihoods [7][11] - The report emphasizes the need for integrating Social Protection and Jobs (SPJ) policies with fisheries management to support fishers during stock rebuilding efforts and enhance long-term sustainability [11][29] Summary by Sections Introduction - Coastal fisheries are vital to Sri Lanka's economy and culture, with significant contributions to nutrition and employment [5][6] - The fisheries sector's contribution to GDP and employment statistics highlight its importance [5][6] - The report identifies the challenges faced by the sector, including declining fish stocks and increased fishing efforts due to poor management [7][11] Data and Methods - The study utilized a literature review and socioeconomic survey data to analyze the SPJ policies and their adequacy in the fisheries sector [30][31] - The survey focused on households in Tissamaharama, collecting data on demographics, economic activities, and aspirations [32][34] Main Findings - Sri Lanka spends 2.5 to 3 percent of total public expenditure on social assistance, with only 30 percent of the population benefiting from such programs [34][35] - The assistance provided does not adequately reach the poorest segments of society, highlighting inefficiencies in the social protection system [34][35] - The report discusses the need for improved governance and coherence in SPJ policies to better support the fisheries sector [11][18]

olic Disclosure A RWANDA COUNTRY ECONOMIC MEMORANDUM Pathways to Sustainable and Inclusive Growth in Rwanda (Update on Future Drivers of Growth report) A joint initiative by the Government of Rwanda and the World Bank Group c Disclosure Auth sclosure Authori WORLD BANK RWANDA COUNTRY ECONOMIC MEMORANDUM Pathways to Sustainable and Inclusive Growth in Rwanda (Update to the Future Drivers of Growth report) A joint initiative by the Government of Rwanda and the World Bank Group Republic of Rwanda Table of Cont ...

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry under review. Core Insights - The analysis indicates that individuals who expect upward economic mobility are more likely to support tax-financed education reforms, a relationship that is consistent across various economic conditions and persists over time [8][62][63]. - The findings suggest that beliefs about the fairness of economic opportunities and individuals' willingness to take risks partially mediate the relationship between mobility expectations and support for education reforms [9][62]. Summary by Sections Introduction - Structural reforms can enhance incomes but may disproportionately affect certain population groups, leading to increased inequality and resistance to change [5]. - Understanding factors that shape support for structural reforms is crucial for middle-income countries facing economic growth challenges [5]. Literature Review - Economic theory posits that self-interest influences policy preferences, with individuals' experiences of economic shocks affecting their support for safety nets [11]. - Previous studies have shown that expectations of socioeconomic mobility can influence preferences for redistribution and support for reforms [13][14]. Theoretical Framework and Empirical Strategy - The study hypothesizes that support for education reforms financed by higher taxes is contingent on individual expectations of future mobility [21]. - The empirical model incorporates various individual characteristics, including education level, income, and risk aversion, to assess their impact on support for education reforms [22][23]. Data - The analysis utilizes data from the Life in Transition Survey (LiTS) conducted in 2010, 2016, and 2023, covering 39 countries in Europe, Central Asia, and the Middle East and North Africa [27][28]. - Support for tax-financed education investments is measured through respondents' willingness to pay more taxes for education [29]. Main Results - Positive expectations of future mobility correlate with increased willingness to support education reforms, with a one-step increase on the income ladder linked to a 1.4 percentage point rise in support [37]. - Individuals who perceive success as meritocratic are more likely to support education reforms, while risk aversion negatively impacts support [41][42]. Changes in Support Over Time - The relationship between expectations of mobility and support for education reforms has remained stable across the 2010, 2016, and 2023 survey rounds, with stronger associations during periods of economic stability [57][59]. Conclusions - The report emphasizes the importance of managing expectations of socioeconomic mobility to garner support for structural reforms in middle-income countries [60][65]. - The findings highlight the challenges posed by widespread beliefs that educational and professional advancement is not based on meritocracy, which can hinder support for necessary reforms [63].

Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly provide an investment rating for the industry but emphasizes the critical importance of green competitiveness for Ethiopia's economy, particularly in the context of sustainability regulations and climate change impacts. Core Insights - Environmental and climate factors are increasingly shaping Ethiopia's economic competitiveness, with significant implications for key sectors such as coffee, textiles, cut flowers, and aviation [20][21][25] - The report highlights the urgency of addressing sustainability challenges, particularly in the coffee sector, while also identifying opportunities for growth through renewable energy and vertical integration in value chains [25][30][32] Summary by Sections 1. Assessing Green Competitiveness in Ethiopia - The report provides a high-level assessment of how climate change and environmental degradation impact Ethiopia's economic competitiveness, particularly in critical sectors [20][21] - It notes that Ethiopia has lost economic momentum due to various crises, including the suspension of duty-free access to the U.S. market [20] 2. Supply-Side Impacts from Climate Change - Ethiopia's economy is highly vulnerable to climate change, with projected cumulative economic losses expected to rise significantly by 2030 [22][26] - The report discusses direct impacts on agriculture and indirect effects on production, such as supply chain disruptions and hydropower generation [22][26] 3. Demand for Sustainability - A growing number of sustainability requirements in key export markets are reshaping market access conditions for Ethiopian firms [22][23] - The report emphasizes the need for Ethiopian firms to strengthen links with international buyers to comply with sustainability regulations [22][23] 4. Sectoral Analysis - **Coffee**: The coffee sector faces significant climate risks and regulatory pressures, particularly from the EU Deforestation Regulation, which could jeopardize over 10% of Ethiopia's export revenues [28][29] - **Textiles and Apparel**: The sector is under pressure to improve sustainability practices, with a focus on reducing environmental impacts and enhancing local value addition [30][31] - **Cut Flowers**: The cut flower industry benefits from favorable climatic conditions but faces sustainability challenges related to waste management and transportation [31] - **Aviation**: Ethiopian Airlines contributes significantly to the GDP but must navigate the challenges of decarbonization and regulatory compliance in the aviation sector [32] 5. Conclusion and Policy Recommendations - The report recommends establishing a coordinating mechanism to track and analyze compliance with sustainability regulations, enhancing Ethiopia's national quality infrastructure, and promoting private sector adoption of standards [33][34][35]