特朗普对欧盟施压升级：最低关税或升至15%-20% 金十数据7月19日讯，据知情人士透露，特朗普在其与欧盟的贸易谈判中提高了要求，希望在任何达成 的协议中， 对欧盟商品的关税至少维持在15%-20%的水平。此前数周，双方拟将大多数商品的关税维 持在10%的基础水平。但特朗普此次更加强硬的立场，意在试探欧盟对关税压力的承受底线。知情人士 表示， 特朗普对欧盟最近提出的降低汽车关税的最新方案无动于衷，并表示乐意按原计划将汽车关税 维持在25%不变。一名美国官员透露，即便达成协议，美国政府也在考虑将对等关税设定在10%以上。 一位欧盟高级外交官表示，如果特朗普坚持将对等关税定在15%-20%的水平，这将回到今年4月贸易谈 判开始时的水平，可能迫使欧盟采取报复措施。 ...

Core Points - Former Brazilian President Bolsonaro stated that Trump is seeking equality in trade negotiations [1] Group 1 - Bolsonaro emphasized the importance of equal trade terms in the context of ongoing negotiations led by Trump [1]

欧盟发言人：（就贸易谈判表示）最后一公里总是最困难的。 ...

日本首相石破茂：要求美国财长贝森特继续与日本经济再生大臣赤泽亮正进行贸易谈判。 ...

Core Viewpoint - A survey of economists indicates that the European Central Bank (ECB) may delay its final interest rate cut until December, suggesting that the easing cycle is not yet perceived as over [1][4]. Group 1: Interest Rate Decisions - Most respondents expect the ECB to maintain rates at the upcoming policy meeting, with a final cut of 25 basis points anticipated in September, lowering the deposit facility rate to 1.75% [1]. - Approximately one-quarter of respondents believe the ECB has completed its rate cuts, while nearly half predict the last cut will occur in September, and 21% expect it in December [6]. - The ECB is currently in a wait-and-see mode, with expectations for further cuts in September and December, while maintaining a cautious stance in its communications [6][9]. Group 2: Economic Outlook and Trade Relations - The outcome of trade negotiations between the EU and the US is seen as a critical factor influencing the ECB's policy decisions, with potential tariffs from the US posing risks to economic stability [9]. - Analysts highlight that the balance between strong domestic demand in the Eurozone and weak external demand is currently delicate, and any trade agreement progress is unlikely before the ECB's next meeting [9]. Group 3: Inflation and Currency Concerns - The ECB's inflation forecasts indicate a target of stabilizing inflation at 2% by 2027, with current projections showing average inflation of 1.6% in 2025 [10]. - The appreciation of the euro against the dollar, which has risen nearly 12% this year, is raising concerns about its impact on inflation, with some economists suggesting that a stronger euro could suppress price pressures [11]. - There is a divergence in opinions regarding the euro's exchange rate, with some respondents indicating that a rise to 1.35 against the dollar would be problematic, while others emphasize the importance of the rate's speed and magnitude [14].

白宫新闻秘书：欧盟在贸易谈判中持续表现出极大热情。 ...

欧元兑美元跌0.4%，暂报1.1588。 丹麦经济部长Lose称，欧盟准备在与美国谈判贸易问题时捍卫自身利益。 欧盟必须警惕（美国总统特朗普挑起的关税造成的）欧盟企业所承担的额外税负。 ...

丹麦经济大臣：欧盟准备在与美国的贸易谈判中维护自身利益。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the potential impact of the U.S. government's tariff policies on global trade and the economy, highlighting the ongoing negotiations and the reactions from various countries and economic experts [1][5][9]. Group 1: Tariff Policies and Negotiations - President Trump announced that over 150 countries may face a tariff increase of 10% to 15% if they do not reach favorable trade agreements with the U.S. [1] - The U.S. plans to impose tariffs ranging from 20% to 50% on various trade partners, with specific rates for countries like Japan (25%), Thailand (36%), and Canada (35%) [3][5]. - The European Union has prepared a countermeasure list worth €72 billion, including products like Boeing aircraft and automobiles, in response to the proposed tariffs [5][9]. Group 2: Market Reactions and Economic Indicators - Financial markets showed a muted response to the tariff announcements, with slight increases in major indices such as the Nasdaq and S&P 500 [1]. - Economic data indicates rising inflation, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increasing by 2.7% year-on-year in June, suggesting that tariffs are contributing to upward price pressures [8]. - The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) warned that the tariff policies could disproportionately impact the least developed countries, predicting a potential 54% decline in exports for these economies [9]. Group 3: Expert Opinions on Negotiation Strategies - Experts suggest that the high-pressure negotiation tactics employed by the Trump administration may backfire, leading to distrust among trade partners and complicating future agreements [6]. - The ongoing uncertainty surrounding trade policies is causing businesses to hesitate in decision-making, which could further suppress international trade [9].

Group 1: Trade Policy and Negotiations - The U.S. government is warning over 150 countries about potential tariff increases of 10% to 15% if they do not reach favorable trade agreements with the U.S. [1] - Trump has extended the deadline for "reciprocal tariffs" to August 1, with proposed tariffs ranging from 20% to 50% on various countries, including 25% on Japan and South Korea, and up to 50% on Brazil [4] - The EU has strongly reacted to the proposed 30% tariffs, stating they are unacceptable and preparing a countermeasure list valued at €72 billion [6] Group 2: Market Reactions and Economic Impact - Financial markets showed a muted response to the tariff announcements, with slight increases in major indices such as the Nasdaq and S&P 500 [1] - Analysts suggest that the stock market tends to ignore low-probability tail risks but may react sharply if the likelihood of significant tariffs increases [2] - Recent U.S. economic data indicates rising inflation, with the Consumer Price Index (CPI) increasing by 2.7% year-over-year, leading to concerns about future cost pressures on consumers [8] Group 3: Global Economic Outlook - The UNCTAD has warned that U.S. tariff policies are causing significant distortions in global supply chains, predicting a potential 54% drop in exports for the least developed countries [9] - The organization has revised the global GDP growth forecast for 2025 down from 2.8% to 2.3% due to the uncertainties surrounding trade policies [9] - Jamie Dimon, CEO of JPMorgan, highlighted major risks to the U.S. economy, including trade uncertainties and high asset prices [9]