东升西未落
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2025年“两会”政策解读及市场展望:东升西未落,股牛债不熊
Datong Securities· 2025-03-16 05:28
Investment Rating - The report does not explicitly state an investment rating for the industry Core Insights - The report emphasizes a shift in policy since September 2022, focusing on stabilizing the real estate and stock markets, breaking the negative feedback loops of "asset-liability contraction" and "wage-price contraction" [6][20] - The emergence of technological breakthroughs, such as DeepSeek, and cultural successes like the film "Nezha 2" have significantly improved market sentiment and expectations [6][21] - The report outlines a structural bull market in stocks driven by economic stabilization, with technology growth as the main theme and opportunities in undervalued consumer sectors [6][26] - The bond market is expected to remain stable, with increased volatility and declining yield expectations, but not entering a bear market until a clear economic recovery is established [6][26] Summary by Sections Market Review - Prior to the policy shift on September 24, 2022, the market faced weak fundamentals, high valuation pressures, and declining risk appetite due to global interest rate hikes and economic slowdown [8][19] - The report highlights the significant increase in the Federal Reserve's interest rates from 0-0.25% to 5.25%-5.5% over a year, which has pressured global asset valuations [19] Policy Shift - The report details a series of policy measures initiated post-September 2022, including interest rate cuts, increased local government debt, and support for consumption and private enterprises [20][27] - The focus has shifted towards stimulating consumption, with specific measures such as a 300 billion yuan special bond to support consumption upgrades [31][60] Economic Goals - The economic growth target is set at around 5.0%, with a CPI target of approximately 2.0%, reflecting a pragmatic approach [26] - The report emphasizes the importance of stabilizing the stock and real estate markets to reverse the "asset-liability contraction" cycle [32][50] Consumption and Employment - The report outlines initiatives to boost consumption, including policies to enhance consumer confidence and increase disposable income, particularly for low- and middle-income groups [31][60] - Employment stabilization measures are highlighted, aiming to improve wage growth mechanisms and increase social security benefits [31][60] Technological Development - The report stresses the need for fostering new productive forces to break through overseas technological blockades, with a focus on emerging industries such as commercial aerospace and quantum technology [37][42] - It also mentions the importance of enhancing the digital economy and supporting AI applications across various sectors [42] Trade and Tariff Risks - The report notes a decrease in reliance on U.S. exports, with a 4% drop compared to 2017, while exports to Belt and Road countries have increased by 16% [44][47] - It discusses the potential impact of U.S. tariff policies on China's export performance and overall economic stability [43][47]