来源：环球时报 中国深知基础科学的重要性，已着手建设部分规模最大、意义也最重大的世界级基础科学实验设施。例 如，全球最大的单口径射电望远镜（FAST）、不久前投入使用的大型中微子研究设备、用于伽马射线 天文学研究的卫星，以及一系列粒子加速器。 其他国家的科学家已开始与中国科学家合作，借助这些世界级设施设计并开展实验。美国需要谨慎，但 在利用这类世界级实验设施开展合作以及对设施产生的数据进行分析方面，几乎不存在任何风险。若禁 止美国与中国在哪怕是最无风险、最根本的基础研究领域开展所有合作，美国政府可能会对本国科学事 业造成严重且或许是永久性的损害。（作者M.格兰杰·摩根是美国卡内基－梅隆大学工程学教授，王从 译） 由此可见，这项禁令毫无意义。即便在冷战最紧张的时期，美国科学家仍在基础研究领域与苏联同行保 持合作。双方的联合研究涵盖地球科学、环境科学等领域，这些合作推动了基础科学领域的重大进步， 同时也为两国之间维系了宝贵的非官方"沟通渠道"。 尽管基础科学研究的成果具有不可预测性，甚至可能在数十年后才会显现，但现代社会已然认识到，投 身基础科学研究能带来诸多有形与无形的长期益处。如今，在粒子物理学、天体物理学等 ...

Core Insights - A recent study indicates that China is approaching a leading position in the global scientific field, with nearly half of the collaborative projects with the U.S. now led by Chinese researchers [1][2] - The proportion of Chinese researchers in leading roles for U.S.-China joint research projects has increased from 30% in 2010 to 45% in 2023, suggesting a significant shift in influence [1] - By 2030, it is expected that China will match the U.S. in leadership roles across strategic fields such as artificial intelligence, semiconductors, energy, and materials science [1][2] Research Findings - The study, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, highlights the growing influence of Chinese researchers in shaping the global research agenda [1] - The research was conducted by teams from Wuhan University, UCLA, and the University of Chicago, focusing on the changing power dynamics of Chinese researchers in international collaborations [1] - The findings suggest that China is transitioning from merely producing research outputs to organizing and coordinating global scientific activities [1] Impact of U.S. Research System - The U.S. research system is currently facing significant turmoil, exacerbated by budget cuts and layoffs, leading to a talent drain of researchers [2] - Countries like Canada and Denmark are implementing fast-track visa programs and increasing funding to attract displaced researchers from the U.S. [2] - The study simulates scenarios of U.S.-China research decoupling, indicating that China's dominance in global scientific fields will continue to rise regardless of collaboration levels with the U.S. [2] Strategic Advantages - Chinese researchers are expected to gain leadership roles in eight out of eleven key technology areas identified by the National Science Foundation by 2030 [2] - The strategic fields where China is expected to achieve parity with the U.S. include artificial intelligence, semiconductors, energy, and materials science [2]