接待杨振宁和李政道 1971年7月，基辛格秘密访华，为尼克松第二年访问中国铺路。中美关系解冻，这很快反映在两国科学家之间的交流上，其代表人物则是杨振宁与 李政道。 1973年周恩来会见杨振宁 不过在基辛格访华之前两个月，1971年5月，两位美国科学家亚瑟·高尔斯顿和伊桑·西格纳已经访问了中国，并于5月17日向中国科学院植物研究所 与微生物研究所的同行们作了两次演讲。[1] 竺可桢并未参加有关这两位科学家的招待活动，他在5月14日的《人民日报》上得知当时有法国和美国科学家访问中国，原文标题为《美国高尔斯 顿和西格纳教授到京》。5月18日，他阅读《参考资料》后，又记录了两位美国科学家正在访问北京的消息。 5月19日，竺可桢从报上得知，以意大利外贸部长马里奥·扎加里为首的代表团已经访华。当天报纸还报道了郭沫若宴请日本哲学家松村一人夫 妇，历史学家井上清、藤田敬一和经济家小林义雄等消息，"看来我们和国外科学、体育交流将一天多一天了"。[2]（《竺可桢全集》20，386） 基辛格离华仅几天，杨振宁便于7月20日抵达上海。而在前一周，7月12日，竺可桢已经从吴有训处得知，国务院批准杨振宁回国一个月，到上海 探望父亲。 尼 ...

来源：环球时报 中国深知基础科学的重要性，已着手建设部分规模最大、意义也最重大的世界级基础科学实验设施。例 如，全球最大的单口径射电望远镜（FAST）、不久前投入使用的大型中微子研究设备、用于伽马射线 天文学研究的卫星，以及一系列粒子加速器。 其他国家的科学家已开始与中国科学家合作，借助这些世界级设施设计并开展实验。美国需要谨慎，但 在利用这类世界级实验设施开展合作以及对设施产生的数据进行分析方面，几乎不存在任何风险。若禁 止美国与中国在哪怕是最无风险、最根本的基础研究领域开展所有合作，美国政府可能会对本国科学事 业造成严重且或许是永久性的损害。（作者M.格兰杰·摩根是美国卡内基－梅隆大学工程学教授，王从 译） 由此可见，这项禁令毫无意义。即便在冷战最紧张的时期，美国科学家仍在基础研究领域与苏联同行保 持合作。双方的联合研究涵盖地球科学、环境科学等领域，这些合作推动了基础科学领域的重大进步， 同时也为两国之间维系了宝贵的非官方"沟通渠道"。 尽管基础科学研究的成果具有不可预测性，甚至可能在数十年后才会显现，但现代社会已然认识到，投 身基础科学研究能带来诸多有形与无形的长期益处。如今，在粒子物理学、天体物理学等 ...

Group 1 - The 2025 World Top Scientists Forum opened in Shanghai, awarding three scientists for their groundbreaking contributions in their respective fields [1][3] - Stanford University Professor Richard S. received the "Intelligent Science or Mathematics Award" for his pioneering work in geometric analysis and differential geometry [1][3] - Cornell University Professor Scott Emmer and University of Utah Professor Wes Sundquist were awarded the "Life Science or Medicine Award" for their significant discoveries related to receptor membrane protein transport and degradation mechanisms [3][5] Group 2 - The World Top Scientists Association Award was established in 2021 in Shanghai, supported by Sequoia Charity Foundation, and is one of the highest monetary science awards globally, with a prize of 10 million RMB per category [6][8] - The award aims to discover and recognize scientists who have made significant contributions but have not yet received international recognition, focusing on identifying "scientific gems" [8][9] - The award has been presented four times by 2025, recognizing 12 scientists from various countries, enhancing its international influence and authority [8][9]

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the life and contributions of renowned physicist Yang Zhenning, highlighting his significant impact on modern physics and his dedication to advancing scientific education in China [2][6]. Group 1: Personal Background and Achievements - Yang Zhenning was born on October 1, 1922, in Anhui and passed away on October 18, 2025, in Beijing at the age of 103 [2]. - He studied under prominent physicists such as Fermi and Taylor after receiving a scholarship to study in the United States in 1945 [3]. - Yang Zhenning's notable achievements include the Yang-Mills theory in 1954 and the discovery of parity violation in weak interactions in 1956, for which he received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957 [3][4]. Group 2: Contributions to Physics - The Yang-Mills theory is considered a crucial breakthrough in particle physics and serves as the foundation for the Standard Model, marking a significant milestone in the field [4]. - The parity violation discovery challenged traditional views on symmetry in physics, opening new avenues for research in particle physics and cosmology [4]. Group 3: Return to China and Educational Impact - After years abroad, Yang Zhenning returned to China in 2003, dedicating himself to scientific education and research at Tsinghua University [6][7]. - He established the Tsinghua University Institute for Advanced Study and actively participated in academic discussions, fostering international collaboration [6][7]. - Yang advocated for increased funding for basic research in China, suggesting that the proportion of funding for basic research be raised from 5% to 15% [7]. Group 4: Legacy and Influence - Yang Zhenning's influence extends beyond his scientific contributions; he played a vital role in nurturing local talent and breaking down barriers in scientific research between China and the West [8][9]. - His life exemplifies a blend of scientific rigor and humanistic values, making him a significant figure in both the scientific community and Chinese society [8][9].

Core Insights - The article highlights the life and contributions of Yang Zhenning, a renowned physicist and Nobel laureate, who passed away at the age of 103, emphasizing his impact on China's scientific community and education [1] Group 1: Achievements and Contributions - Yang Zhenning, along with Li Zhengdao, proposed the revolutionary idea of parity violation in weak interactions, winning the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1957, which inspired generations of Chinese [1] - He served as the honorary director of Tsinghua University's Institute for Advanced Study from 1997 and became a professor in 1999, significantly influencing academic exchanges between China and the United States [2] - Yang's return to China in the 1990s marked a pivotal moment for the country's scientific development, as he advocated for the restoration and enhancement of basic scientific research [2] Group 2: Influence on Education and Talent Development - Yang Zhenning's efforts in establishing the "Committee for Educational Exchange with China" helped fund nearly a hundred Chinese scholars to study in the U.S., contributing to the backbone of China's technological advancement [2] - His life reflects three key phases in China's education and talent development: the initial phase post-1949, the rapid development phase post-reform, and the modernization phase of education and technology [3] - Yang's decision to renounce his U.S. citizenship and fully return to China symbolizes a significant shift in the perception of overseas Chinese scholars and their contributions to national development [3] Group 3: Future Outlook - Despite his predictions of more Nobel laureates emerging from China, only Tu Youyou has won the prize since the 1970s, indicating a need for continued investment in basic sciences [4] - The article expresses optimism that with increased investment in foundational disciplines, more scientists like Yang Zhenning will emerge in the future [4]

Core Viewpoint - Huawei's founder Ren Zhengfei frequently interacts with university presidents, emphasizing the importance of collaboration in research and development, particularly in the context of domestic universities due to the shift in international partnerships [2][10][11]. Group 1: Engagement with Universities - Ren Zhengfei has met with multiple university presidents, including those from Xi'an Jiaotong University and Shanghai Jiao Tong University, highlighting a strategic partnership in various fields such as mathematics and advanced manufacturing [3][5]. - The meetings are not merely ceremonial; they involve core technology leaders from Huawei, indicating a deep commitment to collaborative research [5][12]. - In 2020, Ren Zhengfei conducted a series of meetings with presidents from top universities, emphasizing the need for a focus on fundamental scientific research rather than just immediate engineering challenges [6][7]. Group 2: Strategic Importance of Collaboration - Huawei's collaboration with universities is driven by the need for foundational research and talent development, especially as international partnerships have diminished due to geopolitical tensions [11][12]. - The company has shifted its focus to domestic universities, which can provide essential support in basic research and talent cultivation, as highlighted by Ren Zhengfei's comments on the importance of foundational education [11][12]. - Huawei has committed significant financial resources to university partnerships, with reports indicating an annual investment of at least $300 million, which is expected to increase [13][14].

Group 1 - The 2025 Future Science Prize was announced on August 6, highlighting the renewed interest in fundamental research [1][5] - The prize aims to promote basic scientific research and recognize original breakthroughs, having awarded over 40 winners in its 10-year history [5] - The award has gained significant influence as a private science and technology award, alongside national awards, encouraging scientists to pursue research [5] Group 2 - The Life Science Award was given to three scientists for their work supporting the theory that birds originated from dinosaurs, including the discovery of feathered dinosaur fossils [4] - The Material Science Award recognized researchers for their contributions to the discovery and prediction of topological electronic materials, which have applications in spintronics, quantum computing, and energy technology [4] - The methods developed by the awarded scientists have been widely adopted by researchers globally, indicating their significant impact on the field [4]

Core Insights - The article discusses the significant reduction in funding for basic scientific research in the United States, particularly highlighting the impact on mathematics research and the long-term consequences for innovation and technology development [2][3][4]. Funding Cuts - The National Science Foundation (NSF) plans to cut basic science funding by more than half by 2025, with the upcoming budget proposal indicating further substantial reductions [4]. - In mathematics, funding has dropped to $32 million this year, compared to an average of $113 million over the past decade, equating to less than $0.22 per person annually, down from $0.80 [4]. Impact on Research and Innovation - The reduction in funding has led to difficulties in maintaining basic research activities, with many innovative projects relying on a small number of volunteers [3][4]. - The lack of long-term investment in basic research is expected to delay or prevent key technological advancements, affecting the growth of the next generation of innovators and the country's long-term competitiveness [3][6]. Indirect Contributions of Basic Research - Basic mathematical research, while seemingly distant from practical applications, plays a crucial role in driving broader scientific ecosystems and ultimately leads to real-world applications [6][7]. - For example, methods developed from theoretical explorations in high-dimensional space have become essential tools for solving practical problems in telecommunications, such as efficient signal encoding [7].

Group 1 - The 2025 Sohu Technology Annual Forum focused on cutting-edge topics in the tech industry, including breakthroughs in basic science, the industrial application of technological revolutions, and artificial intelligence [1] - Sohu's CEO Zhang Chaoyang highlighted that the AI industry has entered a fast track in recent years, with diverse developments in embodied intelligence, while also emphasizing the importance of verifying information amidst the ease of access provided by AI [1] - Tsinghua University professor Zheng Weimin outlined the five stages of the artificial intelligence model lifecycle: data acquisition, preprocessing, model training, fine-tuning, and inference, noting that the first three stages require significant computing power and storage resources typically handled by major tech companies [1] Group 2 - Former president of Xi'an Jiaotong University Wang Shuguo stated that many innovations and new forms of leadership come from society, suggesting that universities should break out of traditional disciplinary confines [1] - Sun Lijun, former vice president of Beijing Film Academy, argued that education for artistic talent in the AI era should challenge traditional disciplinary boundaries [1] - Wang Qizhou, Deputy General Manager of Yushu Technology, expressed optimism about the future of humanoid robots, suggesting that if young people believe in this industry, humanoid robots may eventually become a reality [1] Group 3 - Chinese Academy of Sciences academician Wang Yifang emphasized the importance of advanced scientific instruments, such as photon microscopes and large hadron colliders, for enhancing national technological competitiveness and expressed hope for more contributions in basic scientific research from China in the future [2]

Group 1 - The core point of the article is that Ningde Times' vice chairman Li Ping and his wife Liao Mei donated 4.05 million shares of stock, valued at approximately 1 billion yuan, to Fudan University to support educational development [2][4] - The donated shares will be used to establish the "Fudan University Xue Min Natural Science Research Fund," which will operate as an open fund to support high-level research and talent recruitment at the Xue Min Institute [4][5] - Following the donation, Li Ping's shareholding in Ningde Times will decrease from approximately 4.58% to 4.48% [4] Group 2 - The Xue Min Institute aims to recruit nearly 100 top young scholars globally within ten years, focusing on interdisciplinary and cutting-edge research in various fields such as mathematics, physics, chemistry, materials, biology, medicine, environment, artificial intelligence, and big data [5][6] - The institute will provide competitive salaries and sufficient research funding to attract young scholars, particularly those who have graduated with a PhD within the last five years [6] - The initiative reflects Li Ping and Liao Mei's belief that China has reached a stage where it can contribute to natural and basic sciences for the benefit of humanity [6]