研究人员将搅拌均匀的上述物质放入烘箱中，加热至220摄氏度。在这一过程中，各种成分均会熔化， 其中的硝酸盐共晶混合物开始分解，并释放出比通常状态下更活跃的氧原子，使熔融的聚乙烯氧化进而 充分燃烧。 当烘箱内温度逐渐升至500摄氏度并保持20分钟后，可使聚乙烯氧化，燃烧过程中生成的一氧化碳、氮 氧化物、硫氧化物等有毒气体聚集在碱性熔融物中，进而通过氧化还原反应被中和，生成无害的盐类物 质。实验过程中，实验室内的空气检测未发现超过许可浓度标准的有毒气体。 新华社莫斯科8月23日电 俄罗斯国立卡巴尔达－巴尔卡尔大学等机构的研究人员日前报告说，其团队 正在开发通过充分燃烧和中和有毒气体，对聚乙烯废料进行无害化处理的新技术并获得进展。 聚乙烯是广泛使用的一种塑料，其稳定性很高，难以自然降解。该团队在俄科学院"易卜拉欣莫夫"综合 科研所学报上撰文说，焚烧等目前常用的处理方法因为不能充分燃烧，会排放一氧化碳、一氧化氮和其 他有害物。 研究人员将废弃的聚乙烯研磨成粉末，与硝酸锂、硝酸钠、硝酸钾的共晶混合物和碱按比例搅拌在一 起。共晶混合物是两种或多种物质在特定比例下形成熔点相对最低的混合物。 此外，在这项实验中，当烘箱内温度 ...

Core Viewpoint - iNature systematically summarizes the top 20 scholars in the life sciences field employed in Chinese institutions, covering eight subfields including molecular biology, neuroscience, biochemistry, genetics, immunology, medicine, microbiology, and plant science and agriculture [1][2]. Molecular Biology - A total of 6,162 researchers were analyzed in the molecular biology field, with a D-index threshold of 40 for consideration. The acceptance criteria for top researchers are based on D-index, contribution ratio in the specific field, and researchers' awards and achievements [3][4]. - Notable scholars include: - David J. Chen (Chinese University of Hong Kong) - D-index: 105 - Pan Tao (Jinan University) - D-index: 88 - Li Jiayang (Chinese Academy of Sciences) - D-index: 84 [4]. Neuroscience - An analysis was conducted on 30,084 researchers in the neuroscience field, with a D-index threshold of 30 for consideration. The acceptance criteria are similar to those in molecular biology [5][6]. - Notable scholars include: - Pu Muming (Chinese Academy of Sciences) - D-index: 125 - Nikos K. Logothetis (Chinese Academy of Sciences) - D-index: 123 - Helmut Ketternann (Chinese Academy of Sciences) - D-index: 116 [6]. Biochemistry - A total of 88,978 researchers were analyzed in the biochemistry field, with a D-index threshold of 40 for consideration [7]. - Notable scholars include: - Katsuhiko Mikoshiba (Shanghai University of Science and Technology) - D-index: 145 - Deng Chuxia (Macau University) - D-index: 145 - Pak C. Sham (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 132 [7]. Genetics - An analysis was conducted on 6,162 researchers in the genetics field, with a D-index threshold of 40 for consideration [8]. - Notable scholars include: - Zhu Jiankang (Southern University of Science and Technology) - D-index: 173 - Deng Xingwang (Peking University) - D-index: 134 - Yang Huanming (BGI) - D-index: 126 [8][9]. Immunology - A total of 11,980 researchers were analyzed in the immunology field, with a D-index threshold of 40 for consideration [10]. - Notable scholars include: - Guan Yi (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 132 - Gao Fu (Chinese Academy of Sciences) - D-index: 115 - Leo L. M. Poon (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 112 [10]. Medicine - An analysis was conducted on 70,665 researchers in the medicine field, with a D-index threshold of 70 for consideration [11]. - Notable scholars include: - Huang Tianyin (Tsinghua University) - D-index: 202 - Shen Zuyao (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 177 - Joseph Lau (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 163 [11]. Microbiology - A total of 44,555 researchers were analyzed in the microbiology field, with a D-index threshold of 40 for consideration [12]. - Notable scholars include: - Yuan Guoyong (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 164 - Kwok-Hung Chan (Hong Kong University) - D-index: 112 - Xiao Lihua (South China Agricultural University) - D-index: 110 [12][13]. Plant Science and Agriculture - An analysis was conducted on 10,707 researchers in the plant science and agriculture field, with a D-index threshold of 30 for consideration [14]. - Notable scholars include: - Zhu Yongguan (Chinese Academy of Sciences) - D-index: 135 - Zhang Fushuo (China Agricultural University) - D-index: 132 - Zhao Fangjie (Nanjing Agricultural University) - D-index: 126 [14].

中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所科研人员从新疆昌吉地区采集的千叶蓍全草中分离出16个倍半萜， 其中12个为新化合物。通过高分辨质谱、核磁共振波谱等方法，科研人员成功确定了这些化合物的平面 结构以及绝对构型。 记者8月18日从中国科学院新疆理化技术研究所获悉，该所资源化学研究室科研人员在对菊科蓍属 植物千叶蓍进行大量分析测试后发现，其倍半萜类成分具有抗神经炎症相关活性。这一发现为开发治疗 神经炎症疾病的相关天然先导化合物提供了坚实研究基础。相关研究成果近日发表于国际期刊《分子结 构杂志》。 据了解，千叶蓍在众多国家和地区被当作传统医药使用，可用于治疗胃肠疾病、肝胆疾病、高血 压、呼吸道感染、发热以及风湿性疾病等，还能促进伤口愈合，缓解皮肤炎症，具有良好的药用价值。 倍半萜类成分作为千叶蓍中的重要活性成分之一，因其结构丰富多样且活性优异，一直是天然药物化学 研究领域的热点，也是药物先导化合物研究的热门靶向化合物。 （原载于《科技日报》 2025-08-20 第06版） 图为千叶蓍。视觉中国供图 在进一步的研究中，科研人员利用脂多糖诱导的小胶质细胞模型，测试了化合物的抗神经炎症相关 活性。结果显示，有5个化合物可有效抑 ...

Core Insights - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the construction of major scientific innovation platforms, including national science centers in Beijing, Shanghai, the Greater Bay Area, and Hefei, to enhance regional technological innovation [1]. Group 1: Beijing Huairou Science City - The Huairou Science City has evolved from initial planning to becoming one of the regions with the highest density of national major scientific infrastructure over nearly ten years [5]. - The High Energy Photon Source (HEPS) is a core facility in Huairou, expected to be one of the world's brightest fourth-generation synchrotron radiation sources upon completion [7]. Group 2: Shanghai Zhangjiang Science City - The Zhangjiang Science City has seen significant improvements in its industrial ecosystem surrounding the Artificial Intelligence Island from 2020 to 2025 [9]. - Originally covering 17 square kilometers, Zhangjiang Science City has expanded to 220 square kilometers, housing two national laboratories and over 100 incubators [11]. Group 3: Shenzhen Guangming Science City - The Guangming Science City, covering 99 square kilometers, is a key area for Shenzhen's comprehensive national science center, focusing on large scientific installations and technology innovation clusters [13]. - The Shenzhen Institute of Technology, located in Guangming, aims to conduct cutting-edge scientific research and cultivate top innovative talents [15]. Group 4: Hefei Future Science City - The Hefei Future Science City, with a planned area of approximately 19.2 square kilometers, focuses on quantum information, fusion energy, and deep space exploration, featuring significant scientific installations [17]. - Key facilities like the "Kua Fu" fusion reactor and BEST experimental device are part of the national major scientific infrastructure [19]. Group 5: Chengdu Western Science City - The Western Science City in Chengdu is a vital driver for technological innovation in the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle, utilizing a collaborative "one city, multiple parks" model [21]. - Six major scientific installations are already established in the Western Science City, focusing on electronic information, biomedicine, and digital economy [23].

澳大利亚昆士兰科技大学研究团队开发出一种先进的遥感系统，可精准探测并绘制南极苔藓和地衣的生 长情况，为南极生态研究和全球气候变化监测提供关键支持，相关成果发表于最近的《科学报告》期 刊。 这项成果为南极生态监测提供了新技术，有助理解气候变化对南极生态的影响，推动全球生态保护。 （文章来源：科技日报） 该遥感系统创新性地结合了无人机高光谱相机、GNSS-RTK技术和高分辨率RGB无人机图像。团队用6 种针对极地植物的光谱指数训练模型，结果表明，新模型的性能远超传统指标，在特征重要性评估中表 现卓越。在植被标记环节，团队测试了12种不同的AI模型，其中表现最佳的模型准确率达到约99%，且 在严格测试中保持稳定性能，这为未来的数据处理工作提供了可靠保证。 通过30米和70米高度试飞，团队发现较高的飞行高度适合区域概览，而低高度可捕捉精细细节，能从局 部扩展至整个山谷应用。仅用8个关键波长的轻量版系统即可生成可靠地图，提升了调查效率和成本效 益。 苔藓和地衣堪称南极生态的"绿色压力晴雨表"，在生物地球化学循环、土壤保温及生物多样性维持中起 着关键作用。受气候变暖、极端天气和人类活动影响，这些植被生存面临挑战。 ...

Core Insights - The ongoing conflict over rare earth resources between the US and China is reshaping the global landscape, stemming from long-standing issues rather than sudden events [1] - The US's reliance on China for rare earth refining has led to a fragile domestic supply chain, technological stagnation, and significant talent loss [1] - The crisis was ignited by China's stricter export control policies on rare earths, which caused a dramatic surge in prices, with some categories increasing by up to 60 times [1][3] Group 1: US Government Response - In response to the crisis, the Trump administration held emergency meetings to stabilize the situation through financial subsidies and direct funding, but these measures were insufficient [3] - Despite having rare earth resources, the US has outsourced refining to China, resulting in a fragmented domestic industry with outdated equipment and a lack of technical talent [3] - The US government attempted to ease some export restrictions during trade negotiations, but military and high-tech sectors continued to face significant challenges [3][4] Group 2: Challenges in US High-Tech Industry - The rare earth crisis highlights deeper issues within the US high-tech industry, including over-reliance on external sources and long-term industrial hollowing [4] - The US research community has been severely impacted, with significant cuts to funding for projects, leading to concerns about the future research environment [4][6] - The intertwining of research funding with political correctness has exacerbated the already fragile US research system, resulting in talent loss and a decline in innovation [6] Group 3: China's Position - China has enhanced its global influence in the rare earth sector, employing strategic export controls that allow for normal procurement in civilian sectors while restricting military and high-tech applications [3][8] - The international community's dependence on China for rare earth supplies complicates the geopolitical landscape, as many countries find themselves caught between the US and China [8] Group 4: Future Implications - The rare earth crisis is a microcosm of a systemic crisis involving multiple factors such as industry, technology, talent, and policy, with the ability to control these elements determining future competitive advantages [10] - The ongoing US-China rivalry has evolved, with potential flashpoints emerging in technology, finance, energy, and talent sectors, indicating a more complex and covert form of competition [10] - The year 2025 is pivotal, with decisions made now likely to influence future dynamics, as both nations seek to find a new balance in their ongoing rivalry [10]

Core Insights - The He Tao Shenzhen Park has been recognized as a significant cross-border and international cooperation platform, leveraging its unique advantages of "one river, two banks, one area, two parks, two systems" and direct connections through two major ports and three channels [1][2] Group 1: Achievements and Developments - Over the past two years, the He Tao Shenzhen Park has been approved for the establishment of the National Artificial Intelligence Academy - Shenzhen He Tao Academy, and has launched branches of national laboratories in Hefei, Guangzhou, and Pengcheng, as well as the Auda Integrated Circuit Microelectronics Research Institute [1] - The park has undertaken a total of 12 national major science and technology projects, 5 national-level science and technology plan projects, 5 national key research and development projects, and 44 projects funded by the National Natural Science Foundation [1] - The park has attracted over 200 high-end research projects, 447 technology enterprises, and more than 15,000 research talents, forming notable technology and industry clusters such as "World Fortune 500 Enterprise R&D Centers" and "Key Core Technology Tackling Projects" [2] Group 2: Strategic Initiatives - The He Tao Shenzhen Park plays a crucial role as a "super connector" for Hong Kong, facilitating the introduction of two international strategic scientist-led projects: the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Digital Economy Research Institute and the Life Sciences and Energy Materials Innovation Research Institute [1] - The park aims to become a hub for gathering top international scientific talent and resources, focusing on the transformation of innovative achievements into practical applications [2]

Core Insights - The article emphasizes the importance of communication and collaboration between China and the Netherlands in the fields of science and technology, highlighting the mutual benefits of such exchanges [1][2] Group 1: Scientific and Technological Advancements - The rapid modernization of China over the past two decades is noted, with significant advancements in science and technology being recognized [1] - China is praised for its substantial investment in research and development, which is seen as a driver for overall societal progress [1] - The article highlights that many high-level original scientific research outputs are now coming from China, indicating a strong talent base supported by the country's large population [1] Group 2: Green Technology and Sustainable Development - China's considerable investments in green energy, such as large-scale solar power plants and systematic strategies for sustainable societal transformation, are acknowledged [1] - There is a belief in the vast potential for cooperation between China and the Netherlands in the field of green technology, which is beneficial for the global community [1] Group 3: Education and Cultural Exchange - The article discusses the high academic capabilities and English proficiency of Chinese students, as well as their global perspective, which exceeds expectations [1] - The respect for teachers and elders in Chinese traditional culture, along with the concept of "teaching according to aptitude," is highlighted as valuable lessons for European societies [1]

Core Insights - The successful experiment marks a significant milestone in the development of high repetition frequency extreme ultraviolet free electron laser technology in China [1][3] - The project, initiated in 2020, has been supported by the Dalian municipal government and involves a collaborative team from Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics and Shenzhen Advanced Light Source Research Institute [1] Group 1 - The research team, led by Academician Yang Xueming and researcher Zhang Weiqing, achieved a stable output of 1 million Hertz repetition frequency electron beam flow [1] - Key technologies developed include photonic cathode electron gun, ultrafast laser system, solid-state RF power source, superconducting accelerator, and low-temperature liquid helium system [1] - The testing platform has achieved a stable acceleration operation of 0.1 milliampere average current electron beam, with energy exceeding 100 million electron volts and pulse charge greater than 100 picocoulombs [2] Group 2 - The platform demonstrated stable operation for 1 hour with energy stability better than 0.01% (RMS) [2] - The success of this experiment is crucial for advancing the construction and research of high repetition frequency free electron laser devices in China [3]

5日，记者从中国科学院大连化学物理研究所（以下简称"大连化物所"）获悉，由中国科学院院士、大 连化物所研究员杨学明，大连化物所研究员张未卿带领的联合研发团队，首次成功实现高重复频率极紫 外自由电子激光装置（以下简称"大连先进光源"）预研项目1百万赫兹重复频率电子束流的稳定贯通实 验。这标志着大连先进光源联合团队已掌握相关核心技术，为未来大连先进光源的建设奠定了坚实基 础。 据了解，大连先进光源预研项目启动于2020年，由大连化物所大连光源科学研究室与深圳先进光源研究 院组成的联合团队共同承担，大连市政府资助部署，旨在攻克产生高重复频率、高品质电子束的各项关 键核心技术。 经过5年的不懈努力，联合团队相继攻克了光阴极电子枪、超快激光系统、全固态射频功率源、超导加 速器、低温液氦系统等关键技术，并于今年上半年完成了设备安装和在线独立调试。在半个月的系统联 合调试后，联合团队尝试开展百万赫兹级重复频率电子束流实验，并于7月24日23时15分成功实现了稳 定出束。 （文章来源：科技日报） 目前，该束流测试平台已实现0.1毫安平均流强电子束流的稳定加速运行。具体技术指标包括电子束流 能量大于1亿电子伏特、单脉冲电荷量大 ...