Core Viewpoint - The protests across Europe on October 1 were sparked by Israel's attack on the "Global Solidarity" aid fleet heading to Gaza, highlighting widespread public outrage against perceived injustices and double standards in international responses to the Gaza crisis [1][3][15] Group 1: Protests and Public Sentiment - Major cities in Europe, including Athens, Berlin, Paris, Barcelona, and Brussels, saw large crowds protesting against Israel's actions, with significant participation in Italy from cities like Milan and Naples [3][10] - The protests were characterized by high emotions, with demonstrators calling for a complete shutdown of various sectors in Italy, leading to clashes with police and arrests [10][12] - The anger quickly spread across Europe, with protests in London, Paris, Berlin, and other cities, prompting political leaders like French President Macron to reconsider their support for Israel [10][12] Group 2: The Aid Fleet and Its Mission - The "Global Solidarity" fleet consisted of 50 civilian ships carrying over 500 volunteers from more than 40 countries, including notable figures like Greta Thunberg, aiming to deliver essential supplies to Gaza [5][7] - The mission faced severe challenges, including threats from Israeli forces, who attempted to disrupt communications and ultimately boarded some vessels, leading to damage but no fatalities [7][9] Group 3: Political Reactions and Criticism - The Italian government initially promised naval protection for the aid fleet but later withdrew support, leading to public outrage against perceived governmental cowardice [12] - The Israeli government attempted to discredit the aid fleet by alleging connections to Hamas, which was met with skepticism and condemnation from various parties, including Turkey and the volunteers themselves [9][15] - The protests reflect a broader dissatisfaction with Western governments' responses to the Gaza situation, as citizens feel their leaders are prioritizing political interests over humanitarian concerns [15]