Group 1 - The Spanish chemical industry has benefited from energy cost advantages due to electricity policies, but adapting to a green economy remains a long-term challenge [1][2] - The "Iberian exception clause" has significantly reduced electricity costs, with an average decrease of 70% in energy expenses for companies until 2024 [2] - Despite the benefits from the "Iberian exception clause," the chemical industry still faces high taxes and costs related to energy and emissions [2] Group 2 - Environmental compliance and waste management are becoming core challenges for the chemical industry, surpassing concerns about traditional energy costs in the long term [3] - Issues such as waste treatment capacity, regulatory compliance, and necessary infrastructure for industrial operations are critical for maintaining the health of the chemical sector [3] - The closure of Grupo Industrial Cristian Lay's steel plant highlights the conflict between environmental policies, urban planning, and industrial competitiveness [3] Group 3 - Renewable energy is unlikely to fully replace fossil fuels in all industrial sectors in the short term, but Spain has made significant progress in energy transition, particularly in regions lacking industrial facilities [3][4] - The Extremadura region, rich in lithium reserves, is attracting battery superfactory investments, which are expected to create 3,000 jobs [3] - Recent announcements of five energy storage projects in Extremadura indicate ongoing investment in renewable energy, although project delays in design and permitting processes remain a concern [4]