Core Insights - The article discusses the rapid expansion of self-built charging infrastructure by Chinese automotive companies, highlighting the competitive landscape and the need for interoperability among different brands' charging stations [2][3][4]. Group 1: Charging Infrastructure Development - The China Charging Alliance reported that as of June 2023, GAC Aion leads with 13,700 self-built DC charging piles, followed by Tesla with 11,600 and NIO with 11,500 [3]. - GAC Aion has achieved high coverage in major cities, averaging 10 charging piles per square kilometer in core urban areas [3]. - Companies like Xiaopeng Motors and Zeekr are also rapidly expanding their charging networks, with Xiaopeng adding 388 charging piles in June alone [3][4]. Group 2: Interoperability Challenges - Despite the rapid construction of charging stations, interoperability between different brands remains a significant issue, particularly in rural areas where charging infrastructure is lacking [6]. - The lack of compatibility among charging stations creates inconvenience for users, highlighting the need for a unified approach to charging infrastructure [6][7]. - Industry experts suggest that establishing a national standard for charging parameters and creating a third-party certification system could facilitate interoperability [8]. Group 3: Cost Management and Business Models - The increasing number of charging stations leads to higher construction and maintenance costs, with estimates for a single fast-charging station ranging from 1 million to 5 million yuan [10]. - Companies are exploring ways to ensure that their investments in charging infrastructure yield returns, with NIO reporting that over 90% of its charging stations are used by vehicles from other brands [11]. - To avoid the burden of high costs, companies are encouraged to focus on cost-saving technologies, interoperability, and innovative business models to enhance revenue [11].