褪黑素是调节人类昼夜节律的神秘"守夜人"。在植物体内是否也存在褪黑素？它又能发挥哪些功 能？ 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园研究员陈奇团队近日在国际学术期刊《植物生物学年鉴》发表了综 述文章，系统揭示了植物褪黑素的合成、信号传导与功能调控奥秘，为农业生物技术的进步和作物稳产 高产提供了新思路。 植物褪黑素拥有"双重身份" 1915年，科学家在哺乳动物的松果体中发现了褪黑素这种神秘物质。1958年，美国皮肤科医生亚伦 ·勒纳等确定其化学结构为N-乙酰基-5-甲氧基色胺。然而，植物褪黑素的面纱直到1995年才被揭开。当 时多个团队在不同植物中检测到这一物质，开启了植物褪黑素研究的新纪元。 此后，陈奇团队发现植物首个褪黑素受体PMTR1。这一发现犹如一把打开植物褪黑素信号通路的 大门钥匙，不仅填补了该领域研究的空白，更为深入解析植物褪黑素的生物学功能奠定了基础。 植物褪黑素的独特功能在于其"双重身份"，它既是生长促进剂，又是抗逆诱导因子。在正常生长条 件下，褪黑素通过调控细胞分裂素信号通路，促进根系发育和叶片扩展，使作物在适宜环境中实现产量 最大化。而当植物面临干旱、盐碱或病虫害等胁迫时，褪黑素水平迅速上升，激活热激 ...

Financial Data and Key Metrics Changes - Sales for Q1 2025 were $1,767 million, up 2% year over year and up 10% quarter over quarter [6] - Consolidated adjusted EBITDA was $359 million, with specialties driven EBITDA of $262 million, up 7% year over year and 4% quarter over quarter [7] - Specialties driven EBITDA margin improved by approximately 70 basis points to 19% compared to the first quarter of last year [7] Business Line Data and Key Metrics Changes - Industrial Products sales were $344 million, up 3% year over year, with EBITDA of $76 million, up 6% [9] - Potash division reported sales of $405 million and EBITDA of $118 million, with average potash price at $300 CIF per ton, down year over year but up $15 per ton from the previous quarter [11] - Phosphate Solutions division had sales of $573 million, up 3%, and EBITDA of $139 million, with an EBITDA margin of 24% [13] - Growing Solutions division sales were $495 million, up 3% year over year, with EBITDA of $47 million, an increase of 12% [16] Market Data and Key Metrics Changes - Inflation rates were stable in the U.S. and EU, while Brazil saw a 30 basis point increase; China experienced a slight negative inflation of 0.1% year over year [20] - Grain price index increased slightly, with corn, wheat, and soybean prices improving; corn saw the largest quarterly gain [23] - Potash prices increased approximately 9% sequentially, while phosphate prices grew by about 4% [24] Company Strategy and Development Direction - The company aims to drive growth in specialty businesses to differentiate from commodity-based peers and maximize potash sales volumes [34] - Innovation remains a key focus, with plans to develop new products and solutions for existing and new clients [36] - The acquisition strategy continues, with recent acquisitions enhancing regional market presence and local production capabilities [37] Management's Comments on Operating Environment and Future Outlook - Management expressed optimism about improving market prices and stable supply, but cautioned about the impact of fulfilling lower-priced contracts with China and India [49] - The company maintains its 2025 guidance, expecting EBITDA for specialties driven divisions to be between $950 million to $1,150 million [32] - There is an expectation for higher potash prices, but the company has not made guidance concessions for potential tariffs [33] Other Important Information - The company ended the quarter with available resources of approximately $1,500 million and a net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio of 1.2 times [31] - A recent management change in the Phosphate Solutions division aims to maintain market share and target geographic expansion [15] Q&A Session Summary Question: Insights on potash trade flows and pricing impact - Management noted that Eurasian players have been inconsistent in their production claims, making it difficult to predict market tightness and pricing impacts [48] Question: More details on the mix shift in Brazil and growing solutions - Brazil's B2B and B2C businesses are performing well, with strong specialty growth attributed to previous acquisitions [52]

综合美国全国公共广播电台（NPR）、巴西《圣保罗页报》等媒体报道，洪格利亚在巴西国家农业研究 公司（EMBRAPA）工作逾40年。上世纪80年代，当她提出"用细菌替代化肥"时，学界普遍质疑其可行 性。"人们都说我疯了，但这反而让我更坚定。"她回忆道。受到身为科学老师的祖母影响，洪格利亚自 幼痴迷土壤奥秘，1982年加入EMBRAPA后，开始投身与豆科植物共生的根瘤菌研究。 洪格利亚的研究突破始于分离出高效固氮的根瘤菌菌株。这些微生物能与大豆根系共生，将空气中的氮 转化为植物养分。随后，她又开发出巴西固氮螺菌接种技术，通过刺激玉米、小麦等作物的根系生长， 提升养分吸收效率。如今，在巴西 4800 万公顷的大豆田上，超4000万公顷农田使用了其研发的微生物 处理技术。 【环球时报驻巴西特派记者 时元皓 环球时报特约记者 线一凡】总部位于美国艾奥瓦州的世界粮食奖基 金会13日宣布，巴西微生物学家玛丽安吉拉·洪格利亚（如图）因其在农业生物技术领域的突破性贡 献，荣获2025年世界粮食奖及50万美元奖金。 报道称，这项技术推动巴西大豆年产量实现跨越式增长，从上世纪80年代的1500万吨飙升至如今的1.7 亿吨，使该国超 ...