Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the persistent issue of talent shortages in grassroots healthcare institutions in China, emphasizing the need for effective training and retention strategies for rural medical professionals [2][4]. Group 1: Background and Challenges - Grassroots healthcare in China faces a "talent shortage," with a significant "siphoning effect" causing medical professionals to concentrate in urban hospitals, leaving rural clinics understaffed and aging [2][4]. - A study published in the British Medical Journal indicates that only about 38.54% of rural order-oriented medical students remain in grassroots positions after graduation, highlighting the gap between expectations and reality in rural healthcare [4]. - Previous attempts to recruit and retain medical graduates in rural areas have largely failed, with many students not staying in their assigned positions due to limited career prospects and challenging working conditions [5][6]. Group 2: Innovative Solutions - In 2018, Anji County initiated a "Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) Apprenticeship Training + Rural General Practitioner Assistant" program to address the shortage of village doctors by recruiting local high school graduates interested in TCM [6][8]. - The program offers a structured training approach, including a four-year curriculum that combines theoretical learning with practical experience, ensuring that students are well-prepared to serve their communities [8][9]. - The first cohort of 44 students from this program successfully returned to their hometowns to practice medicine, demonstrating the effectiveness of local recruitment and targeted training [7][10]. Group 3: Program Outcomes and Impact - The "Anji-Zhejiang Chinese Medical University" collaboration has shown promising results, with students exhibiting better adaptability, local emotional connections, and integrated service capabilities compared to traditional medical graduates [8][9]. - The curriculum emphasizes a blend of TCM and Western medicine, focusing on public health service skills and the ability to manage common health issues, thus enhancing the overall healthcare delivery in rural areas [9][10]. - The model has been recognized for its potential to address the shortage of TCM professionals while improving comprehensive health management and general medical services in grassroots settings [9].

15年前，我国正式启动农村订单定向医学生免费培养工作（即"公费医学生"）。这项国家级人才培养计 划，旨在为乡镇卫生院及以下医疗卫生机构培养从事全科医疗的卫生人才，以缓解农村基层医疗人才短 缺问题。 但最新的研究数据发现，这项政策在输送人才方面取得了显著成效，在"留住人才"方面仍面临挑战。 2015年至2019年，该项目超60%的公费医学生完成了在基层医疗机构的服务承诺，履约结束后离开基 层。 根据2024年我国卫生健康事业发展统计公报显示，村医人数仍在持续减少。这表明，在基层医疗人才队 伍建设中，不仅需要持续"输血"，更要建立长效的"造血"机制。 根据中国卫生发展研究中心刘晓云等近期刊发在《英国医学杂志》（BMJ）上的一项为期5年的前瞻性 队列研究显示：2015年至2019年，在2041名公费医学毕业生中，平均履约率高达97.84%，表明绝大多 数参与者都完成了在基层医疗机构的服务承诺。 这些经过"5+3"（5年本科教育加3年规范化培训）模式培养的全科医生，为乡镇卫生院带来了标准化、 规范化的诊疗理念和技术。 "经过规培的订单生，经过5年的医学本科学习，其知识储备是足够的。他们在乡镇卫生院能够发挥中流 砥柱的 ...

2025.12. 12 本文字数：2212，阅读时长大约4分钟 作者 | 第一财经 马晓华 15年前，我国正式启动农村订单定向医学生免费培养工作（即"公费医学生"）。这项国家级人才培养 计划，旨在为乡镇卫生院及以下医疗卫生机构培养从事全科医疗的卫生人才，以缓解农村基层医疗人 才短缺问题。 但最新的研究数据发现，这项政策在输送人才方面取得了显著成效，在"留住人才"方面仍面临挑战。 2015年至2019年，该项目超60%的公费医学生完成了在基层医疗机构的服务承诺，履约结束后离开 基层。 根据2024年我国卫生健康事业发展统计公报显示，村医人数仍在持续减少。这表明，在基层医疗人 才队伍建设中，不仅需要持续"输血"，更要建立长效的"造血"机制。 "5+3"的全科人才 作为健康的守门人，医疗服务体系网底的服务能力提升是深化医改工作的重点。 2010年，国家发展改革委等5部门联合发布《关于开展农村订单定向医学生免费培养工作的实施意 见》，启动了农村订单定向医学生免费培养工作。根据国家卫健委发布的数据，2010年至2022年， 国家累计投入近21亿元，支持中西部省份培养本科层次农村定向医学生7.5万余人。22个省份也根据 ...