Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified labor market in China is gaining momentum with the approval of pilot reform plans for market-oriented allocation of factors in various regions, aiming to enhance labor mobility and address structural employment issues [1][2]. Group 1: Labor Market Dynamics - The rapid development of artificial intelligence is reshaping employment structures, leading to a polarization trend where high-end and low-end jobs increase while middle-skilled jobs decline [2]. - The International Monetary Fund reports that AI impacts nearly 40% of global jobs, with about 60% in developed economies, highlighting a rising demand for high-skilled and low-wage service jobs, while traditional manufacturing and transactional roles shrink [2]. - The disparity in urbanization rates between registered and non-registered populations indicates significant barriers in labor market efficiency, necessitating reforms in the household registration system [3]. Group 2: Institutional Barriers and Reforms - Experts emphasize the need for institutional redesign and governance innovation to break down technical barriers and construct a unified labor market [3]. - Proposed reforms include enhancing accessibility to digital and technical resources, establishing a comprehensive labor standards system, and transitioning from an education-oriented to a capability-oriented skill system [3][6]. - The current regional segmentation of labor markets, particularly in pension management, creates hidden barriers to labor mobility, affecting workers' willingness to relocate [4][5]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations - Recommendations for reforming the household registration system include lowering entry barriers in developed cities and enhancing the attractiveness of underdeveloped areas to retain local populations [6]. - The push for a unified pension system across regions aims to eliminate discrepancies in pension contributions and benefits, thereby improving labor mobility and market integration [6]. - A dual approach combining targeted structural reforms in key areas and systemic policy coordination is essential for breaking down regional barriers and facilitating a unified labor market [7].