Core Viewpoint - The construction of a unified labor market in China is gaining momentum with the approval of pilot reform plans for market-oriented allocation of factors in various regions, aiming to enhance labor mobility and address structural employment issues [1][2]. Group 1: Labor Market Dynamics - The rapid development of artificial intelligence is reshaping employment structures, leading to a polarization trend where high-end and low-end jobs increase while middle-skilled jobs decline [2]. - The International Monetary Fund reports that AI impacts nearly 40% of global jobs, with about 60% in developed economies, highlighting a rising demand for high-skilled and low-wage service jobs, while traditional manufacturing and transactional roles shrink [2]. - The disparity in urbanization rates between registered and non-registered populations indicates significant barriers in labor market efficiency, necessitating reforms in the household registration system [3]. Group 2: Institutional Barriers and Reforms - Experts emphasize the need for institutional redesign and governance innovation to break down technical barriers and construct a unified labor market [3]. - Proposed reforms include enhancing accessibility to digital and technical resources, establishing a comprehensive labor standards system, and transitioning from an education-oriented to a capability-oriented skill system [3][6]. - The current regional segmentation of labor markets, particularly in pension management, creates hidden barriers to labor mobility, affecting workers' willingness to relocate [4][5]. Group 3: Policy Recommendations - Recommendations for reforming the household registration system include lowering entry barriers in developed cities and enhancing the attractiveness of underdeveloped areas to retain local populations [6]. - The push for a unified pension system across regions aims to eliminate discrepancies in pension contributions and benefits, thereby improving labor mobility and market integration [6]. - A dual approach combining targeted structural reforms in key areas and systemic policy coordination is essential for breaking down regional barriers and facilitating a unified labor market [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the challenges and dynamics of the job market for the 12.22 million college graduates of the 2025 cohort, emphasizing the increasing competition and the need for effective employment strategies to ensure high-quality job placements [1][19]. Group 1: Employment Trends and Challenges - The number of college graduates in 2025 is expected to reach 12.22 million, an increase of 430,000 from 2024, creating significant pressure on the job market [1][8]. - The employment situation is characterized by structural contradictions, with some industries experiencing a shortage of talent while others, like the internet and real estate sectors, are seeing a decline in demand [8][9]. - The trend of "slow employment" is emerging, where graduates delay entering the job market to pursue further education or better job opportunities, influenced by high expectations from parents and society [14][15]. Group 2: Job Search Experiences - Graduates are increasingly facing challenges in securing job offers, with many submitting numerous applications and attending multiple interviews without success [4][5]. - The job application process has become more competitive, with the use of AI in initial screening and an increase in the number of interview rounds [5][9]. - Graduates are advised to broaden their job search beyond traditional sectors and consider opportunities in emerging industries, which may offer better prospects [8][9]. Group 3: Skills and Employment Readiness - The rapid advancement of technology, particularly AI, is reshaping job requirements, necessitating higher skill levels and adaptability among graduates [24][25]. - Graduates are encouraged to enhance their skill sets, including digital literacy and soft skills, to remain competitive in a changing job landscape [25][26]. - The article highlights the importance of early career planning and skill development during university to align with market demands [25][26]. Group 4: Policy and Support Measures - The Chinese government has initiated a "100-day sprint" action plan to improve employment outcomes for graduates, focusing on expanding job opportunities and providing targeted employment guidance [19][20]. - Policies are being developed to support graduates in securing positions in various sectors, including public service and small to medium enterprises [19][21]. - There is a call for a diversified approach to employment policies to attract and retain talent, particularly in less developed regions [18][19].