Core Viewpoint - The first quarter financial reports of listed securities firms show significant performance disparities, with self-operated businesses being a key factor driving profits, particularly for firms like Changjiang Securities, which reported a staggering growth of over 2300% in self-operated income [1][2]. Summary by Category Overall Performance - Among 49 listed securities firms, 9 reported a year-on-year net profit increase of over 100%, while 16 firms saw growth exceeding 50%. Notably, Guotai Junan's net profit reached 12.2 billion yuan, a 391.78% increase year-on-year, although its non-recurring profit was only 3.293 billion yuan due to negative goodwill from mergers [1][2]. Self-Operated Business - The self-operated business has emerged as a critical growth engine, with firms like Northeast Securities, Changjiang Securities, and Huaxi Securities achieving significant profit increases primarily due to this segment. For instance, Changjiang Securities reported a 2328.61% growth in self-operated income [2][5]. - CITIC Securities led the self-operated income rankings with 8.862 billion yuan, a 62.32% increase year-on-year, followed by Guotai Junan at 4.010 billion yuan and CICC at 3.396 billion yuan, which saw an 83.32% increase [4][5]. Asset Management Business - The asset management sector faced challenges, with 7 firms experiencing a "halving" of net income. Despite a slight recovery in total asset management scale to 5.47 trillion yuan, revenue from this segment decreased due to falling management fees [7][8]. - Among 42 comparable firms, only 19 achieved positive growth in asset management revenue, while 23 experienced declines. CITIC Securities topped the list with 2.563 billion yuan in management fees, a year-on-year increase of 8.69% [8].

Core Insights - The overall performance of the brokerage industry is showing signs of recovery, driven by active market trading and growth in brokerage and margin financing businesses, while proprietary trading has become a source of performance divergence among brokerages due to the recent bond market pullback [1][6] Group 1: Financial Performance - As of April 28, over 20 listed brokerages have reported their Q1 2025 results, with more than 80% achieving year-on-year growth in both revenue and net profit, and several small to mid-sized brokerages seeing net profit growth exceeding 100% [2][4] - Major brokerages like China International Capital Corporation (CICC) and China Merchants Securities reported Q1 net profits exceeding 2 billion yuan, with year-on-year growth rates of 47.69% and 9.64% respectively [2][4] - The overall revenue for 150 securities firms in 2024 reached 451.17 billion yuan, marking an 11.15% increase year-on-year, while net profit was 167.26 billion yuan, up 21.35% [4][5] Group 2: Business Segment Performance - Brokerage fee income has increased by over 30% year-on-year for the brokerages that have disclosed their Q1 results, while proprietary trading income has shown significant divergence, with some firms like Huaxi Securities and Dongwu Securities reporting over 100% growth [3][5] - Investment banking and asset management revenues have varied, with some large brokerages experiencing declines in investment banking income, while others, including China Merchants Securities, reported increases exceeding 100% [3][5] - The proprietary trading business has become a key factor in performance divergence, with firms like Caitong Securities reporting declines in revenue and net profit due to the bond market adjustment [6]

2024年，中国证券行业在经历市场波动后，迎来了业绩的分化与回暖。截至3月底，已有10家上市券商 披露了2024年年报，整体来看，半数以上券商实现了归母净利润的增长，但各机构之间的业绩表现差异 显著。其中，自营业务成为推动券商业绩回暖的核心动力，而经纪、财富管理等业务也呈现出不同程度 的复苏。 业绩分化：头部券商领跑，中小券商表现各异 投行业务承压：IPO及再融资市场变化影响显著 与自营和经纪业务相比，券商投行业务在2024年普遍承压。受IPO及再融资市场规模变化影响，7家上 市券商的投行业务收入同比下降，降幅最高超过40%。然而，仍有部分券商逆势增长。南京证券的投行 业务收入达1.88亿元，同比增长17.03%；信达证券（601059）的投行业务收入为1.56亿元，同比增长 11.74%。 展望未来：市场预期积极，业绩改善趋势有望延续 市场机构对券商基本面修复的预期较为积极。开源证券非银金融行业首席分析师高超认为，券商2024年 四季度业绩有望超预期，目前券商板块估值水平仍偏低，2025年上半年业绩有望延续同比改善趋势。山 西证券（002500）非银金融团队也表示，在相关政策引领下，市场表现逐步企稳，202 ...