Core Viewpoint - A newly discovered early Northern Wei tomb in Xianyang, which had been sealed for a millennium, provides significant insights into the historical evolution and distribution of tombs in the region [1] Group 1: Archaeological Findings - In 2021, the Xianyang Archaeological Research Institute excavated a series of ancient tombs in the Xixian New Area, uncovering a total of 11 Western Han tombs, 6 Eastern Han tombs, and 5 Northern Wei tombs [1] - The M19 tomb, which is notably large and well-preserved, yielded a rich variety of artifacts, including 26 burial items such as tomb guardian beasts, warrior figurines, saddles, carts, and various pottery [1] Group 2: Tomb Structure and Characteristics - The M19 tomb features a long sloping passageway leading to a single chamber, oriented north-south, consisting of a passage, a corridor, and a burial chamber [1] - The structural characteristics of the M19 tomb are similar to those found in the Sixteen Kingdoms and Northern Dynasties tombs in the Fengqi Yuan and Aerospace City areas, dating back to the period between the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Northern Wei [1] Group 3: Cultural Significance - The pottery figurines found in the M19 tomb are a significant component of Northern Wei burial customs, showcasing a rich variety and clear regional characteristics [1] - The style of the pottery figurines reflects strong Xianbei cultural influences, suggesting that the M19 tomb dates back to the early Pingcheng era of the Northern Wei, prior to Emperor Xiaowen's relocation of the capital to Luoyang [1]

图为出土的镇墓兽。咸阳市文物考古研究所供图 专家介绍，陶俑是北魏墓葬随葬品的重要组成部分，出土数量较多、种类丰富，时代特征和地域特征明 显。据史料可知，北魏孝文帝迁都洛阳后推行一系列汉化改革，此举不仅影响了现实生活，也在墓葬陶 俑上打下深刻的时代烙印——陶俑的面貌发生了由平城时代的鲜卑式到洛阳时代汉式的巨大改变。 该墓葬出土陶俑的风格呈现比较浓厚的鲜卑文化色彩，佐证其年代应是孝文帝迁都洛阳之前的北魏早期 平城时代。 图为出土的镇墓武士俑。咸阳市文物考古研究所供图 此外，在关中地区，从西晋到十六国时期的墓葬中并没有随葬镇墓兽和镇墓武士俑的传统。北魏始光三 年(公元426年)拓跋焘占领关中，此后长安地区墓葬的陶俑明显受到平城风格影响，最为显著的特征就 是开始出现镇墓兽和镇墓武士俑。 陕西咸阳首次发现北魏早期墓葬 陶俑呈现较浓厚鲜卑文化色彩 中新网陕西咸阳11月21日电 (记者 阿琳娜)记者21日从咸阳市文物考古研究所获悉，考古人员在西咸新 区秦汉新城清理了一批古代墓葬，其中一座北魏早期墓葬在咸阳地区尚属首次发现，其形制较为完整， 为研究咸阳地区历代墓葬的分布和历史演变提供了新的实物资料。 据了解，该墓葬是长斜坡墓 ...