Core Viewpoint - The pharmaceutical distribution industry is characterized by three main business models: wholesale, retail, and various new distribution models, each with distinct operational dynamics and market implications [1]. Group 1: Wholesale Model - The wholesale model, also known as the distribution model, involves selling pharmaceuticals and medical devices in bulk to entities that directly interact with consumers, such as medical institutions and retail pharmacies [4]. - The third terminal in the wholesale model is increasingly favored by internet hospitals, indicating a shift towards digital integration in pharmaceutical distribution [4]. Group 2: Retail Model - The retail model involves retail pharmacies purchasing pharmaceutical products from manufacturers or other distributors and selling them to individual consumers, generating profit from the price difference [7]. - Although the retail model operates on a smaller scale compared to wholesale, it boasts higher profit margins, making it an attractive segment within the pharmaceutical distribution landscape [7]. Group 3: Internet Retail Model - The internet retail model encompasses various online platforms, including internet hospitals and pharmaceutical e-commerce, facilitating diagnosis and drug sales through digital channels [9]. - This model includes B2B, B2C, and O2O formats, reflecting the growing trend of digital transformation in the pharmaceutical sector [9]. Group 4: Third-Party Cold Chain Logistics - The "14th Five-Year Plan" emphasizes the need for a modern, intelligent pharmaceutical supply chain, focusing on enhancing networked, scaled, and specialized logistics services [12]. - Third-party cold chain logistics offer significant advantages, such as reducing initial investment costs for pharmaceutical companies and ensuring temperature-controlled transport, which is crucial for maintaining drug quality [12]. - These logistics providers can effectively manage reverse logistics and product recalls through advanced tracking and data exchange systems, thereby minimizing losses and ensuring compliance with quality standards [12].

批发模式中第三终端受互联网医院青睐 转自：前瞻产业研究院 行业主要上市公司：国药控股(01099.HK);上海医药(601607.SH);华润医药(03320.HK);九州通 (600998.SH);南京医药(600713.SH);华东医药(000963.SZ);英特集团（维权）(000411.SZ)等 医药流通行业主要商业模式可分为三类 医药商业是医药行业的子行业之一，是专门从事医药商品经营活动的独立经济分支，主要负责药品在市 场上的流通。医药流通行业主要商业模式可分为批发模式、零售模式和各类新型流通模式三类。批发毛 利率较低其中又分为纯销、快批和调拨等;零售毛利率较高药品零售企业一般就是所谓的零售药店是直 接面对最终消费者患者的商品流通环节也是药品流通的最终环节。 批发模式即分销模式，是指批量将药品和医疗器械销售给直接接触消费者的最后环节，包括医疗机构、 零售药店、基层医疗机构等或下游分销商。根据销售对象的不同批发模式可进一步区分为以下几类：医 院直销：商业调拨、第三终端。此外由于渠道下沉、分散等特点，第三终端目前也是各互联网医药企业 积极布局的市场。 零售模式规模小但毛利率高 零售模式是指零售药店从医药 ...