Core Findings - The research identified the olfactory receptor Or5v1/Olfr110 as a high-affinity receptor for the oxylipin 12(S)-HEPE, which promotes hepatic fatty acid oxidation and improves glucose homeostasis, thereby reducing obesity [3][5][7] - The activation level of the Or5v1/Olfr110-Gs signaling pathway is lower in obese patients compared to normal individuals, indicating a correlation between lower receptor activity and higher body mass index (BMI) [5][7] - The synthetic agonist HOR1-C59, developed based on structural analysis, shows beneficial effects on glucose homeostasis, highlighting the clinical application value of targeting olfactory receptors with small molecule compounds in disease treatment [6][7] Methodology - The research utilized a novel technique called "anonymous receptor identification by reverse-G-protein pull-down" (ARIG) to identify the orphan receptor Or5v1/Olfr110 as a receptor for oxylipids [5][7] - The study demonstrated that systemic or liver-specific knockout of Or5v1/Olfr110 impairs glucose homeostasis, even in the presence of 12(S)-HEPE stimulation [5][6] Implications - The findings suggest that targeting the olfactory receptor Or5v1/Olfr110 could provide new therapeutic strategies for treating obesity, diabetes, and fatty liver diseases [3][6][7] - The research emphasizes the importance of olfactory receptors in metabolic processes and their potential as drug targets [6][7]