Group 1: Prefabricated Construction in Underground Spaces - Prefabricated construction is being increasingly applied in underground spaces, previously mainly used for above-ground buildings, enhancing efficiency and sustainability [1] - The example of the Guohua Station on Shenzhen Metro Line 22 illustrates that prefabricated construction can reduce the workforce from 150 to 32, shorten construction time by approximately 30%, and decrease construction waste by over 80% [1] - Carbon emissions are reduced by more than 40% compared to traditional methods, achieving green, low-carbon, and quality-enhancing goals [1] Group 2: Addressing Geological Uncertainties - The development and utilization of underground spaces face geological uncertainties, which are being mitigated by advanced technologies [2] - The Muon Imaging technology provides detailed geological feature detection, acting as a "perspective eye" for underground construction, identifying hidden voids and weak strata [2] - A range of intelligent equipment, including autonomous detection vehicles and integrated smart tunneling machines, is transforming construction from traditional methods to intelligent manufacturing [2] Group 3: Intelligent Operations for Efficient Management - As of the end of 2024, 58 cities in mainland China will have operational urban rail transit systems, necessitating efficient management of these systems [3] - The development of artificial intelligence technologies presents new opportunities for metro operations, exemplified by the first mobile intelligent heavy-load repair robot for rail transit developed by the China Railway Science Research Institute [3] - In Shenzhen Metro, drones conduct automatic inspections, and high-precision cameras record inspection data, achieving a fault detection rate of over 93% for rail vehicle components through deep learning and AI technologies [3]