" 欧米伽未来研究所 " 关注科技未来发展趋势，研究人类向欧米伽点演化过程中面临的重大机遇与挑战。将不定期推荐和发布世界范围重要科技研究进展和未 来趋势研究。（ 点击这里查看欧米伽理论 ） 我们生活在一个由空间构成的世界中。从每天在家居、办公环境或城市街道中的移动，到规划一次跨越山海的旅行，乃至科学家们研究气候变迁的地理模 式、城市扩张的复杂格局，这一切都深刻地依赖于我们对空间的感知、理解和运用能力。这种核心能力，我们称之为"空间智能"。 长久以来，人类凭借自身的感官系统和发达的大脑，不断地探索、适应并改造着周遭的空间环境，演化出了独特的空间认知机制。而今，随着人工智能 （AI）技术的日新月异，特别是大语言模型（LLMs）的横空出世，机器也开始显露出令人瞩目的空间智能潜力。这场由大模型引领的技术浪潮，正以前 所未有的深度和广度，渗透到从微观尺度的机器人导航，到中观尺度的城市规划管理，再到宏观尺度的地球科学研究等诸多领域。 这部报告由清华大学和芬兰赫尔辛基大学共同发布，将带领读者一同深入探究，大模型是如何被赋予"空间感"的？它们在跨越不同尺度的空间智能任务中 扮演着怎样日益重要的角色？以及在迈向更高级空间智能的 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the evolution of spatial intelligence through the development of large language models (LLMs) and their applications across various scales, from micro-level robotics to macro-level earth sciences, highlighting both opportunities and challenges in this field [1][2][35]. Section Summaries Section 1: The Foundation of Spatial Intelligence - How Large Models "Understand" Space - To enable machines to possess spatial intelligence, they must develop effective spatial memory and flexible abstract spatial reasoning capabilities [2][3]. Section 2: Spatial Memory and Knowledge - The "Cognitive Map" in Large Models - Large models acquire spatial information through "internal absorption" during pre-training and "external invocation" when needing real-time data [4][5]. Section 3: Abstract Spatial Reasoning - Beyond Memorization - Current large models primarily mimic spatial tasks using language modeling rather than possessing deep spatial reasoning akin to human cognition [9]. Section 4: Multi-Scale Spatial Intelligence Applications Driven by Large Models - Large models are increasingly important in various spatial intelligence tasks across different scales, from individual robots to urban environments and global systems [10][11]. Section 5: Embodied Intelligence - Enhancing Robot Spatial Understanding and Action - The development of embodied intelligence focuses on enabling robots to perceive, understand, and navigate physical environments effectively [11][12]. Section 6: Urban Spatial Intelligence - Empowering Smarter, More Livable Cities - Large models are applied in urban settings to enhance spatial understanding, reasoning, and decision-making for better city management [15][16]. Section 7: Earth Spatial Intelligence (ESI) - Insights into Our Planet - ESI leverages AI and large models to analyze vast amounts of earth observation data, addressing global challenges like climate change and resource management [20][21]. Section 8: Challenges and Prospects - The Future of Spatial Intelligence - Despite significant advancements, challenges remain in spatial reasoning, data integration, and model interpretability, necessitating ongoing research and development [29][30].