你是否曾在梦中意识到自己正在做梦？ 当你意识到自己在做梦时，你就可以利用这一认知来操控梦境。如果你想做一些在现实世界中在物理上不可能的事情，比如飞行，你可以纵身一跃，真的 飞起来。一个意识到自己被困在噩梦中的人，也可以说服自己醒来。 这种被称为"清醒梦"的状态本身就极其超现实，而现在它又变得更加不可思议。一个由荷兰拉德堡德大学医学中心Donders认知神经影像中心的Çağatay Demirel领导的研究团队发现，清醒梦是一种独立于清醒状态和REM睡眠（通常与做梦相关的状态）之外的意识状态，并且它实际上对应着一种独特的大 脑活动模式。他们已将这一研究成果发表在《神经科学杂志》（Journal of Neuroscience）。 也许关于清醒梦最令人震撼的一点是，根据这项研究，它们在大脑层面上与LSD和死藤水等迷幻药物的作用相似。这类迷幻体验同样与楔前叶有关，当人 在闭眼状态下却看到清醒意象时，该区域的活动会发生改变——这种体验通常只会在使用迷幻药物时出现。 不过，有趣的是，清醒梦在体验层面甚至可能比迷幻药物更进一步。Demirel及其团队在论文中表示："虽然迷幻药物往往会导致自我消解以及自我指涉性 加工的减少 ...

Core Insights - A new study from Kobe University reveals that optimists exhibit remarkably similar brain activity patterns when envisioning the future, suggesting a shared neural framework for organizing future thoughts [1][2] - The research indicates that this "synchronized" brain activity may explain why optimists tend to achieve greater success in social interactions, as their brains operate in a more intuitive and connected manner [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The study involved 87 participants who completed a questionnaire on optimism and underwent MRI scans while imagining various future scenarios, including positive, neutral, and negative situations [1] - Results showed that more optimistic participants displayed more consistent brain activity patterns in the medial prefrontal cortex, which is associated with future-oriented thinking [1][2] Group 2: Comparison with Pessimists - In contrast, pessimists exhibited greater variability in brain activity within the same region, potentially due to the complexity and diversity of issues they consider when faced with negative scenarios [2] - The researchers suggest that optimists frame their future thinking around socially accepted goals, while pessimists may diverge from this "mainstream framework," leading to differentiated thought processes [2] Group 3: Expert Commentary - Professor Lisa Bortolotti from the University of Birmingham commented that optimists tend to imagine negative events in less vivid and specific terms, resulting in a reduced negative impact [2] - Bortolotti emphasized that optimism does not distort reality but alters how individuals are affected by it, suggesting that while blind optimism can be detrimental, a constructive form of optimism can enhance the likelihood of success [2]