Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes that Japan's defeat in World War II should be recognized as a loss to China, not just to the United States, highlighting the significant role played by Chinese forces in the war [2][6][17]. Group 1: Historical Context - August 15 marks the 80th anniversary of Japan's unconditional surrender, coinciding with the 80th anniversary of China's victory in the War of Resistance against Japan [1]. - Japan's narrative of defeat focuses on its loss to the United States, ignoring its defeat by China during the invasion [2][16]. - The Japanese military's deployment during the war shows a significant commitment to the Chinese front, with 1.38 million troops in China by 1941, compared to only 155,000 in the Pacific [4][5]. Group 2: Military Engagements and Costs - Japan's military expenditure in China from 1941 to 1945 totaled 415.41 billion yen, accounting for 57% of its total military spending during that period, while spending in the Pacific was only 184.2 billion yen [6]. - Major battles, such as the "Hundred Regiments Offensive" and the "Hengyang Defense Battle," demonstrated the fierce resistance of Chinese forces, inflicting heavy casualties on Japanese troops [12][14]. Group 3: Post-War Recognition and Impact - After Japan's surrender, formal ceremonies took place in China, including in Zhijiang and Nanjing, where Japanese forces surrendered to Chinese military leaders [7][9]. - The article argues that Japan's refusal to acknowledge its defeat by China has led to a distorted historical narrative, affecting Japan's perception of China and its own national identity [22][23]. - The ongoing military developments in China, such as the enhancement of naval capabilities, are causing concern in Japan, indicating a shift in regional power dynamics [24].