[ 截至2025年6月末，我国参加存款保险的金融机构有3554家——相比2020年末的4025家少了470多家。 ] "十四五"时期，是我国金融风险防范化解历程中极不平凡的五年。央行数据显示，截至2025年6月末， 我国参加存款保险的金融机构有3554家——相比2020年末的4025家少了470多家。此外，2022年以来已 有10地组建了新的省级农信机构。 数量减少、整合加速是近年来我国中小银行改革化险的一个显性结果，也成为金融风险防范化解的重要 缩影。 "十四五"规划提出实施金融安全战略。回顾来看，从房地产、地方债务、中小银行等重点领域风险及外 部冲击化解，过去五年间，我国构建起了更加坚实的对内对外金融"防火墙"。 展望"十五五"，上海金融与发展实验室首席专家、主任曾刚对第一财经表示，我国金融风险防范与化解 面临新环境、新挑战，需要在存量风险化解与增量风险应对并重的基础上，不断完善内外双循环下的化 险资源体系和外部风险应急预案，持续提升金融体系韧性。 机构改革化险路径探索更加深入 近年来，我国在遏制宏观杠杆率过快上升势头、处置高风险企业集团和高风险金融机构、压降影子银行 风险等领域加速加力。 "十四五"规划 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the need to strengthen the deposit insurance system in China through market-oriented, legal, and professional risk management measures, building on the achievements of the past decade [1][3]. Group 1: Historical Context and Current Status - Since the implementation of the Deposit Insurance Regulations in 2015, the People's Bank of China has effectively managed the deposit insurance system, which has operated smoothly [1]. - The establishment of the Deposit Insurance Fund Management Company in May 2019 has enhanced the collection of premiums, risk monitoring, early correction, and prevention of bank runs [1]. - Internationally, deposit insurance systems have been established in nearly 150 countries, with 56% of these being legislated and managed by governments [2]. Group 2: Recommendations for Improvement - It is recommended to expedite the enactment of a deposit insurance law to provide a legal foundation for the system to function effectively as a financial safety net [1][3]. - The article suggests expanding the accumulation of the deposit insurance fund and enhancing the resources available for financial risk management [4][5]. Group 3: Financing Mechanisms - Various methods to strengthen the deposit insurance fund's financing mechanisms are proposed, including borrowing from the central bank, issuing bonds, investment operations, and pre-collecting premiums [6][7]. - The experience of Japan highlights the importance of having a robust backup financing mechanism to ensure liquidity during crises [6]. Group 4: Risk Management Functions - The current deposit insurance system has limitations in its risk management functions, such as inadequate information sharing and insufficient early corrective measures [8]. - The article advocates for enriching the risk management functions of deposit insurance, drawing lessons from Japan's experience in enhancing the role of deposit insurance in financial risk management [9][10]. Group 5: Future Directions - The article calls for the establishment of a comprehensive risk management framework that includes various tools for handling financial institution crises, such as takeovers, bridge institutions, and rapid compensation for depositors [10][11]. - It emphasizes the need for deposit insurance to play a central role in risk management, ensuring a collaborative approach with regulatory bodies and the central bank to create a more robust financial safety net [11].