此前虽已有多个巡天项目绘制全天图谱，如NASA的广域红外巡天探测器，但无一能像SPHEREx这样同 时捕捉如此丰富的色彩。韦布空间望远镜虽能在更多波长进行光谱分析，其视场范围却仅为SPHEREx 的数千分之一。宽广视野与多色探测的结合，是SPHEREx的独特。 望远镜配备了6个探测器，每个探测器装有特殊设计的滤光片，可捕捉17种渐变色光。6个探测器同时工 作，每次成像即包含102种颜色，因此每张全天图谱实为由102张不同颜色图层构成。 尽管人眼无法直接看见这102种红外颜色，但这些光线在宇宙中普遍存在。SPHEREx探测的每一种颜色 对应特定波长的红外光，分别传递出星系、恒星、行星形成区及其他天体的独特信息。例如在银河系 内，恒星与行星诞生的稠密尘埃云会强烈辐射某些波长的红外光，而在其他波段则几乎不可见。 来源：科技日报 科技日报记者 刘霞 据物理学家组织网近期报道，美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的SPHEREx（宇宙历史、再电离纪元及冰 层探索光谱光度计）空间望远镜经过数月观测，成功绘制出首份覆盖整个天空的102色红外图谱。研究 团队表示，这有助于进一步揭示宇宙大爆炸后数万亿分之一秒内发生的物理过程及其对星 ...

Core Insights - The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has been operational since July 2022, capturing approximately 550 terabytes of cosmic data and generating over 1,600 significant research findings, enhancing humanity's understanding of the universe [1] Group 1: Discoveries and Observations - JWST is designed to observe the "cosmic dawn," the first billion years after the universe's birth, revealing early bright galaxies existing just 300 million years post-Big Bang [2] - The telescope has identified "baby" galaxies that are only 600 million years old but already exhibit structures similar to the Milky Way [2] - JWST discovered mysterious "small red dots," which are distant, dense, bright, and red star clusters, with potential explanations for their brightness being dense young star groups or heated gas from supermassive black holes [3] Group 2: Atmospheric Studies - JWST has advanced the study of exoplanet atmospheres, detecting complex chemical compositions such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane, and sulfur dioxide in gas giant planets [4] - The telescope successfully detected traces of carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide in the thin atmosphere of the rocky exoplanet 55 Cancri e, located 40 light-years away [5] Group 3: Stellar Evolution and Planetary Systems - JWST may have detected planetary candidates orbiting white dwarfs, suggesting that planets can survive the death of their stars [6] - The telescope revealed the scale of water plumes on Europa, showing a massive cloud structure over 9,600 kilometers in diameter, significantly larger than previously observed [7] Group 4: Future Exploration - JWST is expected to continue its operations for over 20 years, providing opportunities for further exploration of cosmic mysteries and enhancing our understanding of the universe [7]

Core Insights - The first phase of the Ali Primordial Gravitational Wave Detection Experiment has been completed, achieving its first light observation and successfully capturing clear images of radiation from the Moon and Jupiter at a frequency of 150 GHz, marking a significant step in China's efforts in primordial gravitational wave detection [1][2] - Primordial gravitational waves, produced during the Big Bang, are crucial for understanding the origins of the universe and are at the forefront of high-energy physics and astronomy research [1] - The experiment, initiated by a team led by Zhang Xinmin in 2014 and officially launched at the end of 2016, aims to construct a high-altitude gravitational wave telescope in the Ali region of Tibet at an elevation of 5,250 meters for sensitive ground detection of primordial gravitational waves in the northern sky [1][2] Project Development - After over eight years of development, the research team overcame challenges such as high-altitude hypoxia and successfully completed the installation and debugging of the telescope, enabling remote control and data transmission from Ali to Beijing, thus validating core design indicators [2] - The Ali Primordial Gravitational Wave Detection Experiment has become a major international collaboration project, led by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and involving 16 domestic and international research institutions, including Stanford University [1][2] - Currently, there are three main primordial gravitational wave detection experiment sites globally, with the other two led by the United States located in Antarctica and the Atacama Desert in Chile [2]