Core Viewpoint - The deposit insurance system in China has effectively stabilized public confidence in financial institutions and protected depositors' interests over the past decade, with significant developments and reforms anticipated in the coming years [5][6][10]. Summary by Sections Overview of Deposit Insurance System - The deposit insurance system in China has been in place for ten years since the implementation of the "Deposit Insurance Regulations" in May 2015, covering all deposit-taking financial institutions [4]. - The maximum compensation limit for deposit insurance is set at 500,000 RMB, and the funding comes from premiums paid by financial institutions, with no cost to depositors [4]. Historical Performance and Impact - The system has undergone multiple tests, notably during the takeover of Baoshang Bank in 2019, where the deposit insurance fund provided full protection for claims under 50 million RMB and nearly 90% coverage for larger claims [5]. - Since 2021, deposit insurance has played a role in the reform and risk management of small and medium-sized banks, including the establishment of LiaoShen Bank and support for the bankruptcy of LiaoYang Rural Commercial Bank [5]. Growth and Future Directions - By the end of 2024, deposits in small and medium-sized banks are expected to have increased by 124% since 2015, with a market share rise of 2.4 percentage points [6]. - Future plans include enhancing the deposit insurance fund and exploring backup financing mechanisms to increase revenue and ensure financial stability [6][10]. Financial Operations and Premium Collection - The deposit insurance fund is managed by the Financial Stability Bureau of the People's Bank of China, with institutions required to pay premiums semi-annually based on a risk-differentiated rate system [7][10]. - The total collected premiums from 2015 to 2024 amount to 373.2 billion RMB, supporting risk management efforts [11]. Legal Framework and Recommendations - There is a call for the establishment of a dedicated Deposit Insurance Law to clarify the system's legal standing and enhance its operational framework [13][14]. - Experts suggest improving early correction mechanisms and risk management processes within the existing regulations to better address financial risks [15][16].