来源：光明网 2025年中关村论坛年会的主题是"新质生产力与全球科技合作"。在3月29日举行的2025中关村论坛"量子 科技创新发展论坛"上，中国科学院院士、上海交通大学李政道研究所副所长丁洪发出呼吁，应当加强 量子科技领域的国际合作，只有敞开交流，才能让人类共同进步。 在接受光明网记者采访时，丁洪表示，科学强调合作，量子力学的发展也是通过国际合作来出现的。量 子力学的发展史本身就是一部国际合作的典范。百年前，来自德国的爱因斯坦、来自丹麦的玻尔、来自 意大利的费米等著名科学家跨地域的思想碰撞，催生了量子理论的根基。如今，这样的开放协作依然是 推动技术突破的关键。 中国科学院院士、上海交通大学李政道研究所副所长丁洪 当前量子领域的国际合作正面临挑战。随着全球科技竞争加剧，量子科技被过度敏感化，导致人才流动 与学术交流受阻。量子领域的研究大部分属于基础科研，即便是在最前沿的技术领域，也仍旧需要国际 合作。"在国际合作方面，中关村论坛做得非常好。"丁洪说，"我今天看到有国际知名量子物理学家来 参会，大家在一起交流，这会带来启发和帮助，是一个共赢的模式。" 随着量子科技领域越来越受到重视，各方对该领域的投入随之增加。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights Amazon's skepticism towards Microsoft's claims of a breakthrough in quantum computing with its new processor "Majorana 1," suggesting a gap between marketing and technological reality [1][2]. Group 1: Amazon's Response to Microsoft's Claims - Amazon's quantum technology head, Simone Severini, expressed doubts about Microsoft's claims, stating that the published research does not substantiate the performance of the Majorana 1 processor [2][4]. - Severini's email questioning the credibility of Microsoft's announcement was shared with other Amazon executives, indicating internal concern about the claims [3]. - Amazon's quantum hardware lead, Oskar Painter, criticized Microsoft's marketing efforts, suggesting that they have reached a new level of exaggeration [7][8]. Group 2: Expert Opinions on Quantum Computing - Experts have shown caution regarding the practical applications of quantum chips, with some stating that Microsoft's research, while impressive, lacks significance for building usable quantum computers [11][12]. - Criticism of Microsoft's claims includes the assertion that the technology is not yet scalable and lacks peer review, with researchers acknowledging that their results do not confirm the existence of Majorana zero modes [12]. - The CEO of Oxford Ionics noted that the quantum computing industry is still in its early stages, with many experts uncertain about the advancements claimed by tech companies [18][19]. Group 3: Timeline for Quantum Computing Commercialization - Microsoft believes that large-scale industrial quantum computers could be developed in a few years, contrasting with Amazon's more cautious estimate of 10 to 20 years for commercialization [16][17][18]. - The differing timelines reflect the broader uncertainty in the industry regarding the actual readiness of quantum computing technology for practical applications [16][18].