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人工智能引发的裁员潮才刚刚开始
财富FORTUNE· 2025-12-19 13:05
Core Insights - The article discusses the impact of AI on employment, highlighting a significant reduction in job vacancies in the U.S. from approximately 12.1 million to about 7.7 million, a decline of about 36% since early 2022, coinciding with a 48% total return of the S&P 500 index [1] - It suggests that companies are beginning to view AI not just as a productivity tool but as a strategic lever for workforce restructuring, with a report indicating that by 2026, large enterprises will increasingly adopt this perspective [1] Employment Trends - Major companies like UPS, Amazon, and Verizon have announced significant layoffs, with UPS cutting 48,000 jobs, Amazon reducing 14,000 positions, and Verizon planning to lay off 15,000 employees, indicating that AI is becoming a factor in these decisions [2] - A World Economic Forum survey found that 41% of global companies expect to reduce their workforce due to the rise of AI in the next five years, with layoffs also being justified by slower hiring practices [2] Post-Pandemic Adjustments - Not all layoffs or hiring slowdowns are driven by AI; some reflect broader economic cooling after a post-pandemic hiring surge, while others aim to create a more flexible workforce [4] - Companies are increasingly using layoffs as a means to accelerate employee adaptation to AI rather than solely focusing on employee retraining [4] Future Trends - By 2026, organizations are expected to adopt a more skills-based approach, with high "skills readiness" companies being 12 times more likely to offer training and 6 times more likely to categorize employee skills [5] - Companies are shifting their focus from "how many employees do we need?" to "what work needs to be done and who (or what) is capable of doing it?" [5] AI as a Collaborative Partner - The concept of personal AI "digital twins" is anticipated to become common, where professionals have digital counterparts trained on their workflows and communication styles [6] - This evolution will require new governance, leadership development, and a shift in mindset regarding the relationship between AI and humans, emphasizing trust and collaboration [6] Workforce Flexibility - Leading companies will have more fluid and modular workforces, equipped with systems to match emerging work demands with available capabilities, akin to managing a supply chain [6] - Successful organizations will embrace a dynamic workforce, viewing skills as the operational backbone and AI as a trusted collaborator, ensuring that human elements driving growth and innovation are not sacrificed [7]