Core Points - The National Development and Reform Commission announced a reduction in credit service fees effective July 1, 2025, aimed at alleviating the burden on enterprises and optimizing the business environment [1][3] - The new fee structure significantly lowers costs for financial institutions and individuals, promoting the development of a social credit system [1][5] - The adjustment is expected to save financial institutions billions annually and enhance the accessibility of credit services for individuals [1][7] Summary by Category Fee Structure Changes - The baseline service fee for banks querying corporate credit reports is reduced from 20 yuan to 9 yuan, while personal credit report fees drop from 2 yuan to 1 yuan [3] - For 11 types of smaller financial institutions, corporate queries are now 4.5 yuan and personal queries are 0.5 yuan, effectively halving their risk management costs [3][5] - Personal queries at counters are free for the first two times, with subsequent queries costing 5 yuan, while internet queries remain free [3][4] Market Development - The credit market in China is rapidly evolving, with a dual-track system comprising the central bank's credit center and market-based institutions like Baihang Credit and Puda Credit [2][6] - The new regulations are expected to enhance the efficiency of the credit system and accelerate the digital transformation of China's credit economy [2][7] Operational Efficiency - The new rules prevent multiple charges for repeated queries within a 30-day period for the same corporate report and within a day for the same personal report, improving efficiency for financial institutions [4] - A medium-sized city commercial bank could save over 2 million yuan annually under the new fee structure, allowing for reinvestment in risk control technologies or lower loan rates [5] Technological Innovation - The credit economy is being reshaped by digital financial technology innovations, including blockchain and AI, which enable real-time credit scoring [8] - The credit service landscape is expanding beyond traditional lending to include applications in leasing, employment, and commercial cooperation [8] Data Security and Privacy - The implementation of the Personal Information Protection Law emphasizes the importance of data security and privacy in the credit industry [9] - Future developments will focus on enhancing data sharing efficiency while ensuring security, as the People's Bank of China aims to expand and improve the public credit system [9]

文/ 复旦大学经济学院、世界经济研究所副教授 蔡晓月 当地时间2025年1月23日，美国总统特朗普签署一项行政令，禁止任何机 构在美国境内外发行或使用央行数字货币（CBDC），放松对私人发行数 字货币的监管。本文分析该行政令将给美国数字资产监管环境和生态体系 带来哪些重大改变，并提出了我国的应对措施建议。 当地时间2025年1月23日，美国总统特朗普签署行政令，禁止任何机构在美国境内外发行或使用央行数 字货币（CBDC），放松对私人发行数字货币的监管，以加强美国在数字金融技术领域的领导地位。该 行政令将导致美国数字资产监管环境和生态体系发生重大改变、央行数字货币发展受阻，但也为非美元 数字货币和支付体系提供发展机会。美国主动放弃央行数字货币发展，我国应密切关注其实施进展，并 继续坚持CBDC发展方向，推动在国际上开展多边CBDC合作和数字人民币等非美元跨境结算体系发 展，提升在全球CBDC发展中的话语权和主导权。 行政令主要内容 该行政令撤销了2022年3月颁布的第14067 号《关于确保负责任地发展数字资产的行政命令》和同年7月 发布的美国财政部数字资产国际参与框架，转而成立美国总统领导的数字资产市场工作组 ...