Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the historical significance and restoration efforts of the Tianti Mountain Grottoes, particularly focusing on the Great Buddha Cave, which has faced challenges due to water damage and historical alterations [1][6][21]. Group 1: Historical Significance - The Tianti Mountain Grottoes are recognized as the first royal grottoes in China, directly commissioned by a king during the Northern Liang period, showcasing early grotto art [2][3]. - The site contains over a hundred statues and hundreds of square meters of murals, along with valuable texts and artifacts from various dynasties [2][3]. Group 2: Relocation and Preservation Efforts - In 1958, the local government decided to build a reservoir, threatening to submerge the grottoes, leading to a large-scale relocation effort approved by the Gansu provincial government [4][6]. - The relocation involved moving 43 statues and 300 square meters of murals to the Gansu Museum, while the Great Buddha Cave was left in situ due to the size of its sculptures [4][6]. Group 3: Restoration Challenges - The Great Buddha Cave's sculptures suffered significant water damage, with parts submerged for over 30 years, leading to erosion and loss of structural integrity [6][21]. - Restoration efforts began in 1995, utilizing modern materials while adhering to the principle of "repairing the old as the old" despite limited historical references [19][21]. Group 4: Restoration Techniques - The restoration team, led by Li Yunhe, employed innovative techniques, including the use of steel reinforcements for the sculptures' frameworks, replacing the original wooden structures [15][19]. - The team faced the challenge of reconstructing the Buddha's head using only black-and-white photographs from the 1950s, which required significant scaling and artistic interpretation [13][14]. Group 5: Legacy and Impact - Li Yunhe's dedication to the restoration of the Tianti Mountain Grottoes has inspired a new generation of conservators, with his family continuing the tradition of cultural heritage preservation [21][23]. - The successful restoration of the Great Buddha Cave has garnered praise from experts and the public, highlighting the importance of cultural heritage conservation in China [21].

当地时间20日，巴黎圣母院的塔楼在历经六年修缮后重新向公众开放。受法国总统府爱丽舍宫和法国文物部门邀请，总台记者在正式开放前登上塔楼探访， 修缮后的塔楼里都藏着哪些细节？ 总台记者 朱雪松：我现在在塔楼里的钟楼这一层，旁边是钟楼里两口大钟的其中一口。这口钟重达13吨，铸造于17世纪。在六年前的大火中，这口钟幸免 于难，但上面悬挂它的木质结构被烧毁了。现在，悬挂它的木质结构已经被修葺一新，大钟也被重新安置在上面。法国大文豪雨果在小说《巴黎圣母院》中 曾对钟楼和钟声有非常重要的描写。如今钟声重新回荡在钟楼里，让人联想到文学的巴黎，也让历史与现实重新交织。 总台记者 朱雪松：我们现在来到巴黎圣母院一处叫作"森林"的地方。这里是巴黎圣母院主建筑的屋顶。因为完全由木结构组成，所以被叫作"森林"。在六 年前的火灾中，"森林"被完全烧毁。由于安全原因，我们不能进去拍摄。据了解，修复使用了1200多棵橡树，这也是最能体现修复过程难度、精度和艺术性 的地方。 总台记者 朱雪松：站在巴黎圣母院塔楼的楼顶，能够俯瞰巴黎市区的景色。此时此刻我感受到，六年前的这场大火，带给这栋建筑不小的考验，但同时也 赋予它新的生命。巴黎圣母院浴火重 ...

Group 1 - The article highlights the importance of cultural heritage preservation and restoration in China, emphasizing the need for skilled professionals in this field [3][9] - The 2025 National Cultural Heritage Vocational Skills Competition will be held in Luzhou, Sichuan, showcasing craftsmanship and skills among participants from across the country [3][5] - The competition features a diverse range of participants, with an average age of 40.5 years, including the youngest contestant at 19 years old, indicating a multi-generational approach to skill development [5][9] Group 2 - Over the past two years, approximately 200 cultural heritage restoration workers have successfully restored over 4,000 artifacts from the Sanxingdui site, demonstrating significant progress in the field [7] - The competition has attracted a high percentage of well-educated participants, with over 53% holding a bachelor's degree or higher, including 45 master's degree holders and 1 doctoral candidate [9] - The application of new technologies and materials in cultural heritage preservation is enhancing efficiency and effectiveness, allowing for minimal intervention and restoration that maintains historical integrity [22][23]