Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the effectiveness and safety of Tegileridine, a new analgesic developed by Heng Rui Medicine, in managing moderate-to-severe acute pain following abdominal surgery, highlighting its advantages over traditional opioids like morphine [4][6][10]. Group 1: Clinical Trial Results - A randomized, double-blind, phase 3 clinical trial involving 528 patients demonstrated that Tegileridine provided effective pain relief, significantly outperforming a placebo and showing comparable efficacy to morphine [4][6][7]. - The primary endpoint, SPID24 (Sum of Pain Intensity Difference over 24 hours), showed Tegileridine 1.0 mg group at -68.98, morphine group at -71.16, and placebo group at -49.63, indicating similar effectiveness between Tegileridine and morphine [7]. Group 2: Safety and Side Effects - Tegileridine exhibited a lower incidence of gastrointestinal reactions, with moderate to severe vomiting occurring 3.8% less frequently than in the morphine group, and a 6.7% lower need for additional antiemetic medication [8]. - Only one case of transient respiratory depression was reported in the Tegileridine group, contrasting with the higher risks associated with traditional opioids [8]. - Other common opioid side effects, such as dizziness and itching, were reported at lower rates in the Tegileridine group, with all events being mild to moderate [8]. Group 3: Broader Implications - Tegileridine represents a new approach to pain management, balancing effective analgesia with reduced side effects, which could be beneficial for various pain management scenarios, including chronic pain patients and the elderly [10].

Core Insights - A research team from the University of Pennsylvania and Scripps Research has discovered a previously overlooked type of brain cell that activates during persistent pain, potentially opening new treatment avenues for chronic pain affecting about 1/5 of the global population [1] Group 1: Research Findings - The focus of the research is on the periaqueductal gray area, specifically the lateral parabrachial nucleus, which acts as a hub for processing sensory information and relaying it to other brain regions [1] - In mouse experiments, a specific subset of neurons carrying neuropeptide Y receptors was identified, which remain active in a "persistent mode" following initial pain stimuli such as nerve injury [1] - Activation of these Y1R neurons in mice resulted in typical pain responses, while blocking their activity significantly alleviated persistent pain without affecting responses to acute threats like high temperatures [1] Group 2: Implications for Pain Treatment - The study indicates that during stress, other brain regions release neuropeptide Y to the lateral parabrachial nucleus, naturally achieving analgesic effects [1] - This physiological mechanism provides crucial insights for the development of new analgesic drugs, with the neuropeptide Y signaling pathway identified as a promising drug target for chronic pain treatment [1]