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丰田本土300万产量商业模式面临考验
日经中文网· 2025-07-25 05:41
Core Viewpoint - Toyota's strength is attributed to its continuous cost reduction efforts and the collaborative work of thousands of employees in the vicinity of Toyota City, emphasizing the importance of maintaining domestic production of 3 million vehicles in Japan to sustain related employment and the environment [1][4]. Group 1: Economic Impact and Export Dynamics - Toyota's president, Akio Toyoda, highlighted the importance of exports in generating foreign currency to support energy imports, with Japan importing approximately 25 trillion yen in energy annually, while automotive and parts exports amount to about 20 trillion yen [2]. - In the fiscal year ending March 2025, Toyota produced 3.23 million vehicles domestically, with nearly two-thirds exported to overseas markets, particularly the U.S. [2]. - Japan's market accounts for 66% of Toyota's operating profit, surpassing the North American market despite lower sales volume [2]. Group 2: Taxation and Employment Considerations - Export companies like Toyota benefit from a significant "consumption tax refund," estimated at around 700 billion yen annually, which constitutes about 15% of Toyota's operating profit for the fiscal year 2024 [3]. - The U.S. tariff policies pose a challenge to Toyota's traditional principles, as a reduction in exports could disrupt Japan's domestic ecosystem, with the automotive industry's production inducement effect being as high as 2.74 [3]. Group 3: Regional Relationships and Production Strategy - Toyota's commitment to maintaining domestic production of 3 million vehicles is rooted in its long-standing relationships with local communities and the collaborative efforts of nearby workers [4]. - The population of Toyota City has tripled since the establishment of the first "Crown" model in 1959, contrasting with the decline of Detroit, which faced economic challenges due to a lack of export focus [5]. Group 4: Future Challenges and Brand Value - Future challenges for Toyota include potential obstacles to its 3 million vehicle target, such as Japan's declining population and the shift towards local production and consumption in various countries [6]. - Despite these challenges, Japanese cars maintain high brand value, with Toyota's average new car price in the U.S. estimated at around $40,000, indicating strong market positioning [6].