为强化未成年人网络保护，充分发挥"未成年人模式"在防范网络沉迷、优化内容建设方面的积极作用， 营造更加健康安全的网络环境，国家互联网信息办公室于2024年11月发布《移动互联网未成年人模式建 设指南》，推出未成年人网络保护"组合拳"。 国家计算机病毒应急处理中心高级工程师张鑫说，目前主流安卓应用陆续配备了未成年人保护功能模 块，标志着"未成年人模式"已从行业倡议逐步转变为网络生态的基础配置。同时，部分应用已规范使 用"青少年/儿童/未成年模式"统一标识，上线了"使用情况统计"功能，为家庭数字监护提供了可视化工 具。 张鑫说，值得注意的是，当前移动互联网应用"未成年人模式"呈现"广度初显、深度不足"的特征，明确 标注"青少年/儿童/未成年模式"的应用占比仍然较低。尽管国家监管部门推动短视频、社交、教育等重 点领域全面升级"未成年人模式"，但深度防护功能落地仍亟待加强。 作为以"网络空间安全"为主题的国际性官方论坛，网络空间安全（天津）论坛已连续成功举办两届。本 届论坛聚焦信创产业加速发展面临的安全风险挑战、公民权益保障与数字经济发展的动态平衡等网络空 间安全前沿、焦点话题展开探讨。（记者黄江林、杨文） 论坛上， ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the increasing attention on AI companionship products and the measures being taken to protect minors, particularly focusing on OpenAI's new features aimed at enhancing safety for users under 18 years old [1][2]. Group 1: OpenAI's Measures - OpenAI has introduced a "minor mode" for users under 18, which includes parental supervision features to manage content and monitor usage [2]. - The system will use age prediction and user status to determine if a user is underage, switching to the minor mode to block explicit content [2]. - In severe cases of distress, OpenAI may involve law enforcement to ensure user safety [2]. Group 2: Industry Concerns - AI companionship products have faced scrutiny due to incidents involving minors, such as the lawsuits against Character AI related to self-harm and suicide cases [3]. - Meta has been criticized for allowing its AI chatbots to engage in romantic and potentially inappropriate conversations with children [3]. Group 3: Domestic AI Products - Domestic AI companionship products like Dream Island, Starry Sky, and Cat Box have also launched minor modes, but these features often lack strict identity verification, making them easy to bypass [4][5]. - Testing revealed that the minor modes significantly limit functionality, with Dream Island restricting usage to 40 minutes daily and prohibiting access between 10 PM and 8 AM [6][9]. - The lack of mandatory identity verification in these products raises concerns about their effectiveness in protecting minors [8][9]. Group 4: Comparison with International Practices - Internationally, some companies are implementing AI age estimation methods to better protect minors, such as Meta's Instagram and YouTube, which use user behavior to identify underage accounts [9][10].

Core Points - The Doubao App has officially launched a minor mode aimed at providing parents with tools to restrict certain functionalities to prevent inappropriate use by children [2] - In this mode, features such as video display, browsing third-party websites, interacting with other AI entities, and AI creation are disabled by default, while translation, information retrieval, and research-related capabilities remain accessible [2] - The minor mode requires parental password settings for activation and any changes, ensuring that minors cannot bypass these restrictions [2] - Feedback from users indicated concerns about children being distracted by short videos provided in response results, which are no longer displayed in the minor mode [2] - The company acknowledges the need for further exploration in protecting the digital lives of youth and plans to continuously optimize the minor mode experience [2]

Core Viewpoint - The current measures to protect minors online are ineffective, as children can easily bypass restrictions set by the "minor mode" through various methods, highlighting the urgent need for stronger security measures [1][3]. Group 1: Issues with Current Measures - The failure of the minor mode is attributed to lax and superficial real-name authentication, allowing children to circumvent restrictions using relatives' ID information [3]. - Simple actions like uninstalling and reinstalling apps can easily break the minor mode, indicating significant vulnerabilities in the technical defenses [3]. - The absence of a robust multi-verification mechanism allows payment actions to proceed without risk warnings, further undermining the effectiveness of the minor mode [3]. Group 2: Emergence of a Grey Market - A complete grey market has emerged around the circumvention of minor mode restrictions, with services openly advertising account rentals without face verification [3]. - The presence of ads for account cracking on social platforms and the use of covert methods to bypass restrictions illustrate the challenges faced by regulatory bodies [3]. Group 3: Recommendations for Improvement - A collaborative effort is required to enhance online protection for minors, with platforms needing to address basic vulnerabilities and monitor communities for potential cracking transactions [3]. - Regulatory bodies should enforce the "Minor Network Protection Regulations" strictly, holding platforms accountable for lax protections and conducting special rectification efforts to dismantle grey market activities [3]. Group 4: Content Quality and Parental Role - The current content pool for the minor mode is criticized for being simplistic and not meeting the diverse needs of youth, necessitating an expansion of quality content [4][5]. - Platforms should implement a "whitelist" mechanism to collaborate with authoritative organizations and quality creators to enrich content suitable for various age groups [5]. - Parents play a crucial role in safeguarding their children online, needing to set a good example and actively engage in their children's internet usage to reinforce the protective measures [5].

Core Points - The article highlights the challenges in enforcing the minor mode in mobile applications, as children find ways to bypass restrictions set by parents and authorities [2][3][4] - There is a significant gap in the effectiveness of the minor mode across different platforms, with many loopholes that allow minors to circumvent protections [5][6] - The existence of gray market services that facilitate the bypassing of minor mode restrictions raises concerns about the safety and well-being of minors online [7][8][9] Group 1: Implementation Challenges - Parents are struggling to maintain control over their children's online activities despite setting up minor modes, as children can easily find workarounds [2][3] - The minor mode's implementation varies significantly across platforms, leading to inconsistent protection levels [4][5] - Many applications have low barriers for bypassing minor mode, allowing children to exploit these weaknesses with minimal effort [6][7] Group 2: Financial Risks - There are reports of children making significant in-game purchases without parental consent, highlighting the financial risks associated with inadequate protections [3][6] - Some platforms do not have robust identity verification processes, enabling minors to use their parents' accounts for unauthorized transactions [3][4] Group 3: Gray Market Exploitation - A gray market has emerged where services are offered to bypass minor mode restrictions, including account rentals and identity verification circumvention [7][8] - These services often advertise low-cost solutions to bypass restrictions, making it easy for minors to access restricted content [9][10] - The presence of these services undermines the intended protections of the minor mode, creating a risky environment for young users [10][11] Group 4: Recommendations for Improvement - Experts suggest that platforms need to enhance their minor mode features and conduct self-assessments to close loopholes [11][12] - There is a call for stricter identity verification methods, including multi-factor authentication, to prevent unauthorized access [11][12] - A collaborative approach involving families, schools, and government is necessary to create a safer online environment for minors [11][12]

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing concerns regarding online safety for minors as they return to school after summer, emphasizing the need for improved measures to protect them from harmful online content and risks associated with new technologies [3][4]. Group 1: Online Risks for Minors - The article discusses various online risks faced by minors, including exposure to inappropriate content, addiction to online games, cyberbullying, personal information leakage, and irrational consumption [7][8]. - A significant statistic is presented, indicating that nearly 98% of school-age minors in China are online users, making them particularly vulnerable to these risks [5]. Group 2: Parental Concerns and Responses - Parents are increasingly worried about their children's online activities, with many expressing anxiety over the use of AI chat applications that expose minors to suggestive content [5][6]. - The article notes that many parents resort to strict measures to limit their children's internet access, which can lead to conflicts and dissatisfaction among minors [6]. Group 3: Regulatory Measures and Technological Solutions - The Central Cyberspace Administration of China has initiated a series of actions aimed at cleaning up the online environment for minors, focusing on the regulation of harmful content and the enhancement of protective measures [4]. - The introduction of a "Minor Mode" is highlighted as a significant step towards better online protection, allowing parents to manage their children's online activities more effectively [9][10]. Group 4: Legal and Judicial Aspects - The article mentions the establishment of a juvenile internet court in Beijing, which has handled over 1,200 cases related to online disputes involving minors, indicating a growing trend in such legal issues [12]. - It emphasizes the need for clear responsibility allocation among platforms, guardians, and minors in cases of online disputes, with courts considering the actions taken by minors to bypass restrictions [11][13]. Group 5: Future Directions and Recommendations - Experts suggest a multi-faceted approach to address online addiction and safety issues, involving families, schools, communities, and judicial systems [15]. - Recommendations include enhancing parental involvement, providing legal education, and creating offline recreational spaces for minors to reduce their reliance on the internet [15].

Group 1 - The article highlights a case where a 13-year-old boy spent a total of 120,000 yuan (approximately 17,000 USD) on live streaming gifts, raising concerns about minors' spending in online environments [1] - The father of the boy reported that his son was encouraged by a live streamer to spend money on gifts in order to play games with him, indicating potential exploitation of minors by content creators [1] - The live streaming platform acknowledged the situation and stated that they would process a refund for the amount spent by the minor, which reflects the platform's responsibility in handling such cases [1] Group 2 - Legal frameworks are in place to protect minors from unauthorized spending on online platforms, as outlined in the Supreme Court's guidance on civil cases related to the COVID-19 pandemic [2] - The "Guidelines for the Construction of Minor Modes in Mobile Internet" aim to enhance the safety of minors online by expanding protective measures across various platforms and devices [2] - The Civil Code of the People's Republic of China specifies the legal capacity of minors, indicating that those over eight years old have limited civil capacity and require parental consent for financial transactions [2]

Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the ongoing efforts by the internet regulatory authorities to strengthen the protection of minors online, highlighting the negative impacts of inappropriate content and the need for stricter measures against violations [1][4]. Group 1: Regulatory Actions - The internet regulatory department has intensified the enforcement of responsibilities on platforms, leading to the identification and punishment of over 11,000 violating accounts through measures such as banning, revoking profit permissions, and account closures [4]. - New trends have emerged where some accounts disguise themselves as minors by using childlike appearances, adding "student" tags, and locating school addresses to publish harmful content, prompting the authorities to take stricter actions [4]. Group 2: Types of Violations - Common issues include the use of props to create shocking scenarios involving children, such as pretending to harm them, and engaging in inappropriate "punishment education" [5]. - Some accounts are staging fake family conflicts and encouraging minors to imitate adult behaviors like smoking, which distorts their understanding of appropriate conduct [5]. - There are instances of minors showcasing luxury items and large sums of cash in videos, promoting a culture of wealth display and potentially dangerous behavior [5]. - Certain accounts are using misleading tactics to sell customized images and promote lowbrow content through private interactions, circumventing regulatory scrutiny [5].