澳大利亚针对16岁以下人群的社交媒体禁令已于12月10日正式生效。这是全球首例通过立法实施社交媒体最低年龄限制的举措。需要执行禁令 的平台目前共有10家，包括脸书、优兔、X等。未予配合的企业将面临最高4950万澳元（约合2.3亿元人民币）罚款。 11月5日，在澳大利亚悉尼，人们从市政厅门口走过。新华社记者马平摄 尽管社交媒体平台公司抵触该禁令，但民意却持续推高了议题的热度，推动政府和议会加速审议法案。民调机构YouGov 当年8月实施的民调 显示，澳大利亚61%的受访者支持限制16岁以下青少年使用社交媒体。4个月后这一比例增加至77%。两个月后YouGov/ABC News民调再度确 认：超60%的跨党派民众支持限制17岁以下人群使用社交媒体。压力之下，执政党迅速将"禁止未成年人使用社交媒体"从竞选口号转化为立法 行动。 围绕禁令本身存在争议 回溯其立法过程，各方围绕禁令的可行性和有效性存在诸多争议。比如，关于年龄验证问题，禁令实施后，未成年人如果通过借用家长身份信 息、购买虚假账号等方式绕过验证，禁令的效力必定大打折扣。 澳大利亚的做法在国际上引发广泛关注，丹麦、马来西亚、巴西、印度尼西亚和新西兰等国也在考 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the increasing concerns regarding online safety for minors as they return to school after summer, emphasizing the need for improved measures to protect them from harmful online content and risks associated with new technologies [3][4]. Group 1: Online Risks for Minors - The article discusses various online risks faced by minors, including exposure to inappropriate content, addiction to online games, cyberbullying, personal information leakage, and irrational consumption [7][8]. - A significant statistic is presented, indicating that nearly 98% of school-age minors in China are online users, making them particularly vulnerable to these risks [5]. Group 2: Parental Concerns and Responses - Parents are increasingly worried about their children's online activities, with many expressing anxiety over the use of AI chat applications that expose minors to suggestive content [5][6]. - The article notes that many parents resort to strict measures to limit their children's internet access, which can lead to conflicts and dissatisfaction among minors [6]. Group 3: Regulatory Measures and Technological Solutions - The Central Cyberspace Administration of China has initiated a series of actions aimed at cleaning up the online environment for minors, focusing on the regulation of harmful content and the enhancement of protective measures [4]. - The introduction of a "Minor Mode" is highlighted as a significant step towards better online protection, allowing parents to manage their children's online activities more effectively [9][10]. Group 4: Legal and Judicial Aspects - The article mentions the establishment of a juvenile internet court in Beijing, which has handled over 1,200 cases related to online disputes involving minors, indicating a growing trend in such legal issues [12]. - It emphasizes the need for clear responsibility allocation among platforms, guardians, and minors in cases of online disputes, with courts considering the actions taken by minors to bypass restrictions [11][13]. Group 5: Future Directions and Recommendations - Experts suggest a multi-faceted approach to address online addiction and safety issues, involving families, schools, communities, and judicial systems [15]. - Recommendations include enhancing parental involvement, providing legal education, and creating offline recreational spaces for minors to reduce their reliance on the internet [15].

Core Viewpoint - The phenomenon of "child online dating" is becoming increasingly common among minors, raising concerns about its impact on their understanding of real relationships and social skills [1][3][12]. Group 1: Child Online Dating Phenomenon - A 9-year-old girl, referred to as "Hua Hua," was found to be engaged in online dating through a short video platform, which shocked her older sister [1][3]. - The sister discovered that Hua Hua had established a "lover" relationship on the platform, which is a feature that allows users to create intimate connections with friends [6][7]. - The content that minors are exposed to on these platforms, including low-quality and sensationalized videos, may contribute to their engagement in online dating [5][8]. Group 2: Parental Awareness and Regulation - Parents often lack the necessary skills and knowledge to effectively monitor their children's online activities, leading to inadequate supervision [10][12]. - The mother of Hua Hua was unaware of the platform's features and did not implement parental controls, which allowed her daughter to access potentially harmful content [7][10]. - There is a need for parents to engage more with their children regarding internet use, discussing potential risks and establishing healthy online habits [14]. Group 3: Industry and Regulatory Challenges - Despite multiple initiatives by regulatory bodies to address low-quality content on short video platforms, such content continues to persist, indicating a gap in effective governance [9][12]. - The promotion of "youth modes" on apps has not been fully realized, and issues such as content being too simplistic or not engaging enough remain [9][12]. - The romanticization of online relationships in media and the lack of effective regulation contribute to minors' attraction to online dating, often overlooking the associated risks [12].