Core Insights - The dexterous hand is a core solution for humanoid robot end effectors, characterized by high flexibility but higher costs and lower reliability compared to traditional grippers [1] - Dexterous hands have a higher degree of freedom, enabling more complex grasping operations, which requires advanced algorithm models for generalization [1][3] - The demand for customized solutions from downstream clients is significant, leading to competitive advantages for whole hand and module manufacturers [3] Technical Composition - The dexterous hand consists of three main systems: 1. **Drive System**: Includes electric, hydraulic, pneumatic, and shape memory alloy drives, with electric motors being the mainstream due to their compact size and high power density [2] 2. **Transmission System**: Comprises reduction modules, linear transmission modules, and end transmission modules, with planetary reducers and worm gearboxes being commonly used [2] 3. **Sensing System**: Encompasses torque, position, and tactile sensors, with a focus on one-dimensional force sensing and the increasing application of MEMS tactile sensors [2] Development Trends - The technology routes for dexterous hands are expected to remain diverse in the short term, with multiple paths developing concurrently [3] - Future advancements will likely see increased degrees of freedom in dexterous hands, alongside a decrease in the unit price of tactile sensors and an increase in their usage [3] - Significant R&D investment and long development cycles mean that many manufacturers will need to collaborate with external suppliers, leading to high uncertainty in downstream demand for components [3]