2025.08. 20 作者 | 第一财经 何涛 8月19日下午，深圳、广州警方先后发布警情通报，分别对涉嫌冒充军人招摇撞骗罪的阮某平（男， 63岁）和余某翔（男，73岁）依法采取刑事强制措施。 根据通报，阮某平涉嫌假冒退役少将、中科院院士等特殊身份非法获利，并多次假冒特殊身份参加社 会活动；余某翔涉嫌假冒国务院参事、抗美援朝老兵等身份。两起案件都在进一步侦办中。 而在数天前，还有一名顶着"外籍院士"名头的人物"翻车"——自称"俄罗斯自然科学院院士""苏辙后 人"的苏文，3年前签约将向河南平顶山市郏县东坡书院综合体项目投资33亿元，事后证实是一场骗 局，并且其自称的身份漏洞百出，基本可确认为假造。 社会上滥竽充数的"野生专家"不少，但冒充院士、顶级智囊或退役将军的，还是较为罕见。按理，这 种头衔既正规又稀少，假冒很容易被识破，为何骗子们仍敢于冒险，并屡屡得逞？这背后无疑包含多 种促成因素，其中最主要的，当属骗子们精准拿捏住了"猎物"的功利心态和"权威崇拜"心理。 绝大多数普通人，往往难免对权威和光鲜头衔抱有更多的信任。这背后是对专业知识、社会地位甚至 权力的尊重，无可厚非。骗子们正是利用了这种社会普遍心理，用 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article highlights the downfall of the AI startup Bu il d e r. a i, emphasizing the importance of verifying claims and relying on data-driven decision-making rather than intuition [1][7]. Group 1: Bu il d e r. a i Case Study - Bu il d e r. a i, founded by Sachin Dev Duggal, once valued at over $1.5 billion, was revealed to lack actual AI technology and relied on fabricated financial data [1]. - The company managed to deceive investors for eight years, with excuses for delays and poor code quality being accepted without scrutiny [1]. - The situation parallels the Theranos scandal, where Elizabeth Holmes misled high-profile investors with false promises, leading to her conviction [1]. Group 2: Investor Psychology - The article discusses why intelligent investors fall for obvious lies, attributing it to reliance on intuition rather than rational tools [2]. - A mathematical example illustrates how even highly educated individuals can be misled by their instincts, emphasizing the need for structured analysis [2]. Group 3: Cognitive Biases in Venture Capital - Three cognitive biases are identified in the venture capital space: halo effect, story dependence, and authority worship, which lead to poor decision-making [3]. - Investors often overlook due diligence due to the impressive backgrounds of founders or compelling narratives [3]. Group 4: "企查查思维" (Qichacha Thinking) - "企查查思维" is introduced as a methodology that emphasizes data-driven decision-making, risk identification, and market opportunity insights [4][5]. - The approach encourages the use of comprehensive data from platforms like Qichacha to inform business decisions rather than relying solely on intuition [5]. Group 5: Practical Applications of "企查查思维" - Examples from various regions illustrate how businesses utilize Qichacha for verifying company information, enhancing supplier risk monitoring, and improving hiring processes [6]. - The methodology aims to integrate external data into decision-making processes, enhancing competitive intelligence and data-driven decision-making [6]. Group 6: Lessons from Bu il d e r. a i - The collapse of Bu il d e r. a i serves as a cautionary tale about the vulnerabilities in human cognition and the importance of rigorous verification in the age of AI [7]. - The article concludes with a call for decision-makers to prioritize data over intuition, reinforcing the need for a systematic approach to business evaluation [8].