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穿越牛熊的“标准化产品思维”:招商基金如何用风险预算打造绝对收益闭环?
点拾投资· 2025-11-24 01:04
Core Viewpoint - The article discusses the emergence of multi-asset investment products driven by macroeconomic changes, highlighting the need for higher yield products in a low-interest-rate environment and the evolution of fund management practices to meet investor demands for absolute returns [1][2]. Group 1: Macro Environment and Trends - Three long-term forces are driving the development of multi-asset investments: the need for higher yield products due to low interest rates, the shift towards high-quality public fund development, and the establishment of competitive advantages by fund companies through team specialization and product design [2]. - The past decade has seen significant growth in various fund types, such as money market funds and actively managed equity funds, driven by changing macroeconomic conditions [1]. Group 2: Addressing Absolute Return Needs - The investment goal of the multi-asset management team at the company is to achieve absolute returns for investors, addressing behavioral biases caused by high volatility in fund products [6][7]. - The team has identified two main factors affecting absolute returns: investor behavior influenced by product volatility and the limitations of single-asset investment strategies across economic cycles [6]. Group 3: Product Design and Risk Management - A strict risk budget mechanism is implemented in product design, with maximum drawdown targets set at 2%, 3%, or 5% to define product characteristics clearly [7]. - The team employs strategic and tactical asset allocation across stocks, bonds, and convertible bonds to adapt to different macro environments, enhancing the confidence in achieving absolute returns [7]. - The risk management approach emphasizes proactive measures to avoid passive losses, with a focus on maintaining risk budgets and ensuring that fund managers are aware of their risk exposure [13][14]. Group 4: Enhancing Product and User Fit - The company recognizes the need for diverse product offerings to match varying investor risk preferences and investment horizons, moving away from a one-size-fits-all approach [9][25]. - A standardized product framework is established to ensure that product characteristics take precedence over individual fund manager styles, allowing for consistent risk management [9][10]. Group 5: Effective Team Assessment - The assessment of fund managers incorporates both return and volatility metrics, ensuring that managers are incentivized to maintain a balance between risk and return [16][18]. - A unified risk accountability system is in place, where both equity and bond fund managers share responsibility for risk, promoting collaboration and reducing the tendency to take excessive risks for short-term gains [16]. Group 6: Providing Rational Income Expectations - The multi-asset management team aims to provide stable risk-return profiles through systematic asset allocation, leveraging the long-term negative correlation between stocks and bonds [20][21]. - The team employs a modular strategy approach, diversifying investment strategies across various asset classes to enhance the sources of excess returns [21][22]. Group 7: Meeting User Needs with Multi-Asset Products - The company has developed a differentiated product line based on maximum drawdown, investment style, and distribution channels to better align with user needs [25][26]. - By understanding the distinct preferences of different investor segments, the company aims to create a sustainable product line focused on absolute return objectives [26].