来源：科技日报 科技日报记者 朱虹 12月23日，全球首个陆上商用模块式小型堆"玲龙一号"汽轮发电机组非核冲转一次成功。该工程是海南昌江多用途模块式小型堆科技示范项目，由哈电集团 自主研制，冲转全程机组运行平稳，各项关键参数均符合设计标准，标志着项目建设突破关键节点，为后续核蒸汽冲转及并网发电筑牢基础。 "玲龙一号"是我国具有完全自主知识产权的陆上商用模块式小型堆，也是全球首个通过国际原子能机构安全审查的同类堆型，规划容量为125兆瓦，其核心 动力装备汽轮机、汽轮发电机、核主泵均由哈电集团自主研制。 非核冲转试验是核电机组建设过程中的重要环节，被喻为核电机组装料前对常规岛系统进行的一次全面"实战演练"。 此次冲转成功的汽轮发电机组，汽轮机采用哈电集团汽轮机公司自主研制的125兆瓦等级凝汽式、单轴、单背压、过热蒸汽汽轮机组，创新应用先进的高压 N+1轴承支撑等先进技术，显著提升运行效率与安全可靠性；高压模块实现整体发运、现场快速安装，凝汽器采用模块化设计，充分体现小型堆"小型化、 模块化、一体化"的技术特征。汽轮发电机采用哈电集团电机公司自主研制的空冷汽轮发电机，创新应用全空冷技术，定子采用内、外机座，铁芯与机 ...

Core Insights - The "Linglong No. 1" has successfully completed its cold test, marking it as the world's first land-based commercial modular small reactor, expected to generate 1 billion kWh annually [1][15]. Group 1: Project Overview - "Linglong No. 1" is recognized as a significant breakthrough in China's nuclear power innovation, being the first small modular reactor to pass the International Atomic Energy Agency's safety review [5][13]. - The reactor's design is compact, with a diameter of only 30 meters, making it one-tenth the size of traditional commercial reactors, and it has a power output of 125,000 kW [7][10]. Group 2: Design and Construction Features - The reactor features an integrated design and modular construction, eliminating the need for separate installation of key components, which enhances safety and reliability while reducing construction time and costs [8][10]. - The steam generator is installed inside the pressure vessel, allowing for a compact reactor module that can be easily transported and installed on-site [8][10]. Group 3: Applications and Flexibility - "Linglong No. 1" is designed for versatile energy supply applications, including electricity generation, urban heating, seawater desalination, industrial steam supply, and oil extraction, making it suitable for various locations such as inland areas, islands, and offshore oil platforms [10][12]. - The reactor is also being developed for use in floating nuclear power stations, enhancing its mobility and ability to provide power where needed [12]. Group 4: Future Plans and Environmental Impact - The reactor is scheduled to be operational by 2026, with the potential to meet the electricity needs of 526,000 households in Hainan [15]. - Each "Linglong No. 1" unit is expected to reduce carbon dioxide emissions by 880,000 tons annually, equivalent to planting 7.5 million trees [15].