根据中国人民银行官网消息，《中国人民银行残缺污损人民币兑换办法》（以下简称《办法》）已经 2025年12月12日中国人民银行2025年第18次行务会议审议通过，自2026年3月31日起施行。 此前，《中国人民银行残缺污损人民币兑换办法（征求意见稿）》于2025年7月18日至8月17日通过中国 人民银行官网向社会公开征求意见，共收到有效意见10条。央行官网也对公开征求意见结果予以反馈。 那么，《办法》有哪些重点内容呢？《金融时报》记者为您梳理要点如下： 1. 问：残缺污损人民币指什么？ 答：所谓残缺、污损人民币，是指票面撕裂、损缺，或外观、质地受损，颜色变化，图案不清晰，防伪 特征受损，不宜再继续流通使用的人民币。 2. 问：谁来为公众办理残缺污损人民币兑换业务？ 答：因火烧、侵蚀、霉烂等特殊原因形成的残缺、污损人民币（以下简称特殊残缺、污损人民币）的兑 换业务，由中国人民银行分支机构指定的金融机构办理。被指定的金融机构应当无偿为公众办理特殊残 缺、污损人民币兑换业务，不得拒绝办理。 划重点：金融机构应当无偿为公众办理残缺、污损人民币兑换业务，不得拒绝办理。 此外，兑付金额不足1分的，不予兑换；5分按原面额的一 ...

7月7日，新京报贝壳财经记者采访了上海农商银行总部工作人员。工作人员告诉记者，主要还是陆 先生无法说清楚如此数量巨大的残缺污损人民币到底来自何处？银行有义务查清资金来源以防止洗钱活 动。根据《中华人民共和国反洗钱法》，金融机构需建立反洗钱内部控制制度，对客户资金来源进行尽 职调查并报告可疑交易。而陆先生提供的一张所谓的公司证明其"发黑"的硬币来自某生活垃圾焚烧发电 厂，但单位名称是被隐去的，并未告知银行具体的公司名称和联系人，银行无法核实钱币来源进行背 调。 新京报贝壳财经讯（记者俞金旻）近日，网友陆先生向贝壳财经记者反映，他带着140多斤1角硬币 前往上海农商银行兑换，却被网点支行拒收。他质疑银行的做法违反了《中国人民银行残缺污损人民币 兑换办法》。 7月3日，陆先生带着一麻袋1角硬币来到上海农商银行总行营业部"讨说法"，工作人员仍拒绝兑 换，也未给出理由。贝壳财经记者了解到，陆先生带去的这袋硬币共有20000多枚，总达140多斤，金额 为2000多元。 7月3日，陆先生在上海农商银行总部大厅休息区清点残缺污损人民币。受访者供图 当问及硬币的来源，陆先生陈述，其从事烟酒礼品回收生意，此次携带的硬币系某生活垃 ...

Core Viewpoint - The article discusses a recent incident in Shanghai where a businessman attempted to exchange a large quantity of severely damaged coins, leading to public debate and scrutiny regarding the bank's policies on exchanging such currency [1][6]. Group 1: Incident Overview - A businessman named Mr. Lu brought 20,000 severely burned coins weighing over 140 pounds to a bank for exchange, which sparked significant public interest and debate [1][6]. - The coins were reportedly sourced from a waste incineration power plant, as Mr. Lu's client suggested using the coins found in the ash as payment [5][3]. - The businessman faced challenges in exchanging these coins at multiple banks, claiming that Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank was the only one refusing to exchange them [5][6]. Group 2: Bank's Response - Shanghai Rural Commercial Bank stated that they had exchanged some of the coins that met their criteria after multiple discussions with Mr. Lu [2][8]. - The bank advised Mr. Lu to go to a designated central bank location for better handling of the severely damaged coins, citing the need for more expertise in identification [8][4]. - The bank emphasized that they did not refuse to exchange the coins outright but suggested alternative locations for efficiency and accuracy in processing [8][7]. Group 3: Regulatory Framework - According to the People's Bank of China regulations, financial institutions are required to exchange damaged currency under certain conditions, including the ability to identify the denomination and maintain a significant portion of the original note [10][11]. - The regulations specify that coins with more than 75% of their original value can be exchanged at full value, while those with 50% to 75% can be exchanged at half value [10][12]. - The article highlights that damaged currency, especially those severely burned, poses challenges in identification and exchange, necessitating careful handling by banks [12][17]. Group 4: Broader Implications - The incident reflects a growing trend where customers are attempting to exchange large quantities of damaged coins, with reports of similar cases emerging from other regions, such as Hunan [15][16]. - The article notes that the exchange of large amounts of damaged currency is not common but is recognized as a legitimate banking service [14][15]. - The situation raises concerns about the potential illegal trade of damaged currency, as regulations prohibit the buying and selling of damaged or counterfeit currency [15][16].