Core Viewpoint - The Heimlich maneuver has been updated with new guidelines emphasizing the importance of back blows followed by abdominal or chest thrusts for severe airway obstruction in conscious patients [1] Summary by Relevant Sections General Guidelines - The new guidelines recommend performing 5 back blows first for patients with severe airway obstruction who are conscious, followed by alternating abdominal or chest thrusts until the object is expelled or the patient loses consciousness [1] Specific Techniques - For children aged 1-8 years, the guidelines specify that the force used for back blows should be controlled between 3-5 kilograms, while abdominal thrusts for adults should be approximately 5 kilograms, with a 45-degree angle of force application [1] - For infants under 1 year, back blows combined with chest thrusts are recommended, while abdominal thrusts are prohibited [1] Special Considerations - Pregnant women and obese individuals are advised to use chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts [1] - The correct method for infants involves placing them face down on the forearm, maintaining a head-down position, and using the heel of the hand for back blows [1]

Core Viewpoint - The Heimlich maneuver has been updated by the American Heart Association (AHA) and the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation (ILCOR), with a focus on the sequence of operations for treating severe airway obstruction caused by foreign objects [2] Group 1: Updated Guidelines - The new guidelines recommend prioritizing five back blows followed by abdominal or chest thrusts in a cycle until the object is expelled or the patient becomes unresponsive [2] - For children aged 1 to 8 years, the recommended force for back blows is 3 to 5 kilograms, while for adults, it is approximately 5 kilograms, with a 45-degree angle for thrusting [5] - The guidelines emphasize the importance of using back blows first to reduce the risk of internal injuries associated with abdominal thrusts [5] Group 2: Age-Specific Techniques - For infants under 1 year, the updated method involves back blows followed by chest thrusts, as abdominal thrusts can cause damage due to their underdeveloped abdominal muscles [6] - The correct technique for infants includes placing them face down on the forearm and delivering five back blows, followed by chest thrusts if necessary [6][7] - Pregnant women and obese individuals should use chest thrusts instead of abdominal thrusts to avoid complications such as uterine pressure or ineffective force due to abdominal fat [8] Group 3: Recognition and Aftercare - The Heimlich maneuver is only suitable for severe airway obstruction, indicated by inability to speak, cyanosis, or clutching the throat [10] - In cases of mild obstruction where the patient can cough or speak, observation and encouragement to cough are recommended instead of immediate intervention [10] - After an object is expelled, patients should be monitored for at least 15 minutes for any residual issues or complications [10]

Group 1 - The topic of "Heimlich maneuver updates" has gained widespread attention recently, highlighting changes in the latest international guidelines for emergency response to airway obstruction [1] - The new operational guidelines have optimized the previous single abdominal thrust procedure for children over 1 year and adults to a combination mode of "back blows followed by abdominal thrusts" [1] - In the demonstration video, the core operation for severe airway obstruction (inability to speak, cyanosis) involves having the patient lean forward to deliver 5 back blows between the shoulder blades, followed by 5 traditional abdominal thrusts, alternating until the object is expelled or the patient becomes unresponsive [1] Group 2 - Experts advise that if a pregnant woman experiences airway obstruction, abdominal thrusts should be avoided; instead, central chest thrusts should be used to expel the object through changes in thoracic pressure, preventing pressure on the abdomen that could affect the fetus and the mother's organs [1]