当地时间15日，美国参议院还以48票对47票的微弱优势，通过了对特朗普提名的美联储理事候选人、现 任白宫经济顾问委员会主席斯蒂芬·米兰的投票。米兰预计将参与9月16日开始的美联储会议。 美联储定于9月16日至17日举行货币政策会议，外界普遍预期，美联储将在本次会议上启动降息进程。 就在本次议息会议前，当地时间15日，一名美联储理事提名获确认、另一名美联储理事解雇令被驳回， 降息决议是否将添变数？ 莉萨·库克暂时留任 当地时间9月15日，美国联邦上诉法院阻止了总统特朗普在美联储议息会议召开前解雇美联储理事莉萨· 库克的请求。这项裁决意味着，在货币政策会议期间，库克暂时可以留在美联储。 在联邦上诉法院公布最新裁决之后，舆论认为特朗普政府阻止库克参加本次美联储议息会议的努力宣告 失败。 美国总统特朗普8月25日以涉嫌住房抵押贷款欺诈为由解雇美联储理事莉萨·库克。这一被媒体称为"史 无前例"的做法引发争议。库克则回应称特朗普无权解雇她，将继续履职。库克通过律师阿贝·洛厄尔回 应称，特朗普将其解雇缺乏法律依据及相关权力。 按照媒体说法，库克就职后每次就加息或降息的货币政策投票都追随多数，对美联储主席鲍威尔亦步亦 趋。 ...

Core Viewpoint - The Federal Reserve decided to maintain the federal funds rate target range at 4.25% to 4.50%, marking the fifth consecutive time since early 2025 that rates have been held steady, despite increasing pressure from the White House for rate cuts [1][3]. Group 1: Federal Reserve's Decision - The Federal Reserve noted a slowdown in U.S. economic growth in the first half of the year, which could provide a basis for future rate cuts if the trend continues [3]. - The Fed emphasized high uncertainty in the economic outlook, with risks to both inflation and employment targets [3]. - Two Fed governors voted against the decision to maintain rates, indicating deepening internal divisions regarding monetary policy [1][7]. Group 2: Economic Indicators and Influences - Fed Chairman Jerome Powell stated that the current monetary policy stance allows the Fed to respond promptly to potential economic developments, with future adjustments depending on comprehensive evidence, including employment, inflation, and economic activity data [3][5]. - Powell highlighted that tariffs have raised prices on certain goods, suggesting that 30% to 40% of core inflation may be influenced by tariffs, which could be a key factor in delaying rate cuts [5]. Group 3: Political Pressure and Internal Disagreements - President Trump has publicly pressured the Fed for significant rate cuts, even threatening to dismiss Powell, which reflects a tense relationship between the Fed and the White House [6][11]. - The dissenting votes from the two governors, both appointed by Trump, align with concerns over a weakening labor market and the potential for increased recession risks if rates are not lowered [7][11]. Group 4: Market Reactions and Future Expectations - Following the Fed's decision, market expectations for a rate cut in September significantly decreased, with the probability of a 25 basis point cut dropping from 68% to 45% [12]. - Despite the drop in rate cut expectations, the U.S. stock market showed resilience, with mixed performance among major indices, indicating that investor sentiment remains cautious yet stable [14].