经济现代化是国家现代化的重要内容。习近平总书记指出，"建设现代化经济体系是我国发展的战 略目标，也是转变经济发展方式、优化经济结构、转换经济增长动力的迫切要求"。党的二十大对加快 建设现代化经济体系作出战略部署。党的二十届三中全会通过的《中共中央关于进一步全面深化改革、 推进中国式现代化的决定》在阐释到2035年的改革目标任务时，强调"建成现代化经济体系"。发展新质 生产力是解决我国经济社会发展面临的新矛盾新问题、推动经济体系现代化的重要途径。面对新一轮科 技革命和产业变革，我们必须抢抓机遇，加大创新力度，以新质生产力为引领加快建设现代化经济体 系。 需要认识到，生产力和生产关系的矛盾运动，决定了经济体系演进的基本类型。一般来讲，生产力 与生产关系的矛盾运动存在两种基本情况：一种是生产力的质态未发生跃升，生产关系总体上适应生产 力发展但存在不完善的环节，因此要朝着不断完善的方向运动；另一种是科技创新带来生产力质态的跃 升，过去生产关系的很多方面已难以适应生产力发展，必须要进行适应性重构，要在生产、分配、流通 和消费等环节进行革命性变革。当前，由新质生产力所驱动的经济体系演进，实质上是经济体系为适应 生产力发展 ...

Core Viewpoint - The construction of a modern economic system is a strategic goal for national development, emphasizing the need for innovation and adaptation to new productivity forms to address emerging economic challenges [1][2][3]. Group 1: Modern Economic System Components - The modern economic system is an organic whole composed of various social and economic activities, integrating both productivity and production relations [2]. - New quality productivity, driven by technological innovation, is essential for fundamentally transforming the economic system and requires a corresponding new production relationship [3][4]. - The modern production system should focus on innovation, resource optimization, and green development to enhance efficiency and address deep-seated economic imbalances [4]. Group 2: Distribution System - The modern distribution system aims to balance efficiency and equity, optimizing resource allocation and wealth flow to create a shared distribution mechanism [5]. - It emphasizes knowledge, technology, and human capital, ensuring that income distribution reflects contributions from these areas [5]. Group 3: Circulation System - The modern circulation system is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and meeting market demands, integrating technological innovation and institutional reform [6][7]. - It aims to establish a unified and competitive market system, enhancing the efficiency of circulation through the removal of institutional barriers [10]. Group 4: Consumption System - The modern consumption system is characterized by a shift towards digital, intelligent, and ecological consumption, driven by technological advancements and changing consumer preferences [11]. - It reflects a growing emphasis on experience, personalization, and sustainability in consumer behavior, with significant growth in new consumption formats [11]. Group 5: Progress and Achievements - Significant progress has been made in building a modern economic system, with notable improvements in productivity levels and structural optimization, contributing to high-quality economic development [8][9]. - The GDP is projected to grow by 5% in 2024, surpassing 130 trillion yuan, with strategic emerging industries rapidly developing [8]. Group 6: Challenges and Coordination - Despite achievements, challenges remain in various sectors, including the need for higher efficiency in the circulation system and addressing income disparities in the distribution system [12]. - Strengthening coordination between production, distribution, circulation, and consumption systems is essential for a cohesive modern economic framework [12]. Group 7: Future Directions - The focus should be on developing new quality productivity and establishing a new production relationship that aligns with this development [13]. - Emphasis on innovation-driven development, particularly in key technology sectors, is critical for maintaining competitive advantages [13][14]. - The distribution system should be refined to enhance equity and efficiency, with a focus on protecting property rights and optimizing public services [14]. Group 8: Policy Implementation - The implementation of a unified market system is vital for enhancing the modern circulation system, requiring improvements in market regulations and infrastructure [15]. - Policies should balance short-term demand stimulation with long-term structural reforms to foster a robust consumption ecosystem [16][17].