Core Viewpoint - The exhibition titled "The Peak Footprint Ecological Mirror" commemorates the 50th anniversary of China's first independent measurement of Mount Everest's height, showcasing the historical achievements and ecological harmony of the Everest region [1][2]. Group 1: Exhibition Overview - The exhibition features four main sections: leadership care, glorious history, Everest ecology, and tribute to heroes, displaying over 150 selected photographic works alongside historical images [2]. - It includes physical displays of measurement equipment such as climbing measurement suits, sighting markers, total stations, global satellite navigation receivers, and ice and snow radars, allowing visitors to closely experience Everest measurement [2]. Group 2: Interactive Elements - The exhibition offers multiple interactive activities, including a VR experience of the Everest measurement route, photo opportunities with the Everest measurement monument, and a QR code-based quiz game on Everest measurement knowledge [2]. - To commemorate the 50th anniversary, China Post issued a commemorative envelope and postcard, which were launched at the exhibition's opening ceremony [2]. Group 3: Duration - The exhibition will last for two months, concluding on July 27 [3].

Core Insights - The article discusses the geological and ecological significance of Mount Everest, emphasizing its height and the ongoing geological processes that shape it [1][2][3]. Measurement Techniques - The height of Mount Everest has been measured multiple times, with the latest measurement in 2020 confirming its height at 8848.86 meters using advanced technologies like GNSS and radar [2][3]. - The continuous monitoring of Everest's height is crucial for understanding geological changes and providing long-term data for scientific research [2][3]. Geological Movement - The 2020 measurement indicates that Mount Everest moves approximately 3 centimeters northeast annually and rises about 4 millimeters vertically, showing that the mountain-building process is still ongoing [3]. - The data collected from GNSS monitoring networks helps analyze the impact of seismic events, such as the 2015 Nepal earthquake, on the region's geological stability [3]. Climate Change and Glaciers - The glaciers in the Tibetan Plateau are vital freshwater resources and are sensitive indicators of climate change, prompting scientific investigations into their dynamics [4][5]. - The 2020 measurement utilized remote sensing technologies to study glacier flow and changes over the past 30 years, providing insights into climate history [4]. Comprehensive Scientific Research - The data from Everest measurements contribute to understanding ecological changes and resource monitoring in the region, serving as a natural laboratory for earth sciences [6][7]. - Over the past decades, extensive scientific expeditions have shifted focus from basic data collection to analyzing environmental changes and their implications for global climate [6][7]. Biodiversity and Human Impact - Recent studies have identified over 3000 new species in the Tibetan Plateau, indicating a rich biodiversity that is adapting to changing environmental conditions [7]. - The research also suggests that human activity in the region dates back at least 190,000 years, providing new insights into human adaptation to high-altitude environments [7].

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the 50th anniversary of China's first accurate measurement of Mount Everest's height, highlighting the achievements in surveying and mapping under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, and the spirit of dedication and hard work among Chinese surveyors [1][2]. Group 1: Historical Context - The first measurement of Mount Everest's height by Chinese surveyors took place on May 27, 1975, marking a significant milestone in the history of global surveying [2][3]. - Prior to 1975, China relied on foreign measurements, using 8882 meters as the height of Everest, which was based on external observations [3][4]. Group 2: Measurement Techniques and Challenges - The 1975 measurement involved a large team of over 400 individuals, including climbers, surveyors, and scientists, who conducted extensive preparatory work at various altitudes [4][5]. - The surveyors faced extreme conditions, including high altitudes and harsh weather, which tested their physical and mental endurance [5][6]. Group 3: Technological Advancements - The article discusses the evolution of surveying technology in China, noting significant advancements in measurement techniques and equipment over the years, particularly leading up to the 2005 and 2020 measurements [8][12]. - The 2020 measurement utilized advanced satellite positioning technology and was conducted in collaboration with Nepal, showcasing China's growing capabilities in surveying and mapping [13][16]. Group 4: Recent Developments - The latest measurement announced in December 2020 confirmed Mount Everest's height as 8848.86 meters, reflecting the continuous efforts and improvements in China's surveying methodologies [16]. - The article emphasizes the importance of these measurements not only for scientific accuracy but also for fostering international cooperation and showcasing China's technological prowess [12][16].

Core Viewpoint - The article commemorates the 50th anniversary of China's first independent measurement of Mount Everest's height, highlighting the significance of accurate height measurement for international standards and environmental monitoring [1][3]. Measurement Process - The precise determination of Mount Everest's height aims to resolve the inconsistencies in international height data, providing essential information for glacier monitoring and ecological studies [3]. - The 2020 measurement utilized a global elevation benchmark agreed upon by China and Nepal, incorporating gravity measurements and advanced satellite data to create a high-precision gravity field model of the Everest region [3][5]. - The measurement involved a team of climbers establishing a benchmark at the summit, with simultaneous triangulation and intersection measurements conducted from six reference points at the mountain's base [4]. Technology and Equipment - The climbers employed Beidou satellite navigation signals for accurate positioning and used ice and snow radar to measure the thickness of the snow layer at the summit [5]. - The measurement process required human presence due to the extreme conditions at the summit, which rendered helicopters and drones ineffective for stable operation [8][11]. Climatic Conditions - The measurements have historically been conducted in May, as this month offers a brief window of relatively stable weather conditions, avoiding the harsh winds and precipitation typical of other months [12][13]. - The peak's summit area is limited in size, making helicopter landings impractical, and the measurement equipment necessitates direct human operation to ensure accuracy [11][14].