Core Viewpoint - The establishment and assurance of ecological flow in rivers and lakes is crucial for the protection of ecological environments, with the Pearl River Water Resources Commission completing plans for 135 inter-provincial rivers [1][2] Group 1: Implementation and Oversight - The Ministry of Water Resources has prioritized the completion of ecological flow assurance plans for inter-provincial rivers as a key task for 2025 [1] - The Pearl River Water Resources Commission has formed a specialized working group to ensure high-quality completion of these tasks, involving technical experts and clear task assignments [2] - The commission has conducted thorough investigations and discussions with provincial authorities to gather feedback and ensure consistency across different water systems [2] Group 2: Technical and Scientific Approach - The commission emphasizes the scientific and practical aspects of determining ecological flow, ensuring that assessments are tailored to the specific conditions of each river basin [1][2] - The ecological flow assurance plans include detailed control measures, monitoring, and evaluation responsibilities, covering five major river systems [2] - The results have been revised based on feedback from meetings and are now submitted for review by the Ministry of Water Resources [3]

Core Viewpoint - The "Beautiful Rivers and Lakes Protection and Construction Action Plan (2025-2027)" aims to enhance the ecological environment of rivers and lakes in China, with specific targets and measures outlined for achieving this goal by 2027 and beyond [1]. Group 1: Conditions for Beautiful Rivers and Lakes - Beautiful rivers and lakes should have stable water sources, good water flow, and effective ecological water use to ensure "having rivers and water" [2]. - The ecological environment and biodiversity must be maintained or restored, ensuring the presence of indigenous species and achieving "having fish and grass" [2]. - Pollution control is essential, with water quality improving to a good standard, meeting public recreational needs, and resolving ecological issues to achieve "harmony between people and water" [2]. Group 2: Goals and Targets - By 2027, the construction rate of beautiful rivers and lakes is expected to reach approximately 40%, with significant progress by 2030 and basic completion by 2035 [2]. - The action plan includes 15 specific targets focusing on water environment governance, ecological water use assurance, and ecological protection and restoration [3]. Group 3: Water Environment Governance - The action plan emphasizes the importance of managing pollution sources, particularly through the establishment of a monitoring and regulatory system for pollution outlets by 2027 [4]. - It aims to significantly improve urban sewage treatment efficiency and achieve over 60% control of rural sewage by 2027, while eliminating rural black and odorous water bodies [4]. Group 4: Ecological Flow Assurance - The plan specifies requirements for ensuring ecological flow, which is crucial for maintaining river ecosystems, with a focus on cross-province key rivers and lakes by 2027 [5]. Group 5: Ecological Protection and Restoration - The action plan aims to enhance the health of river and lake ecosystems, with specific assessments and mechanisms for ecological compensation established by 2027 [6]. Group 6: Funding and Technology Support - The plan highlights the need for technological innovation in water ecological environments and emphasizes the role of central finance in supporting these initiatives [7]. - It encourages local finance and social capital to increase investment, promoting various models for public-private partnerships in ecological protection and construction [7].