Core Viewpoint - The article emphasizes the importance of biodiversity protection in freshwater ecosystems and advocates for a shift from traditional engineering-based water management to an integrated ecological governance approach [1][2]. Summary by Sections River and Lake Governance Goals - Transition from short-term governance to long-term ecological restoration with systematic planning to achieve biodiversity recovery and sustainable development [2]. - Prioritize protection and natural recovery, enhancing the diversity, stability, and sustainability of water ecosystems while implementing policies like the Yangtze River ten-year fishing ban [2]. Natural Protected Area Optimization - Focus on aligning ecological projects with natural environments through six key actions: ensuring ecological flow, improving water quality, restoring habitats, sustainable resource use, controlling invasive species, and restoring river connectivity [3]. Strengthening Ecological Barriers - Enhance the protection of aquatic biodiversity and ensure the stability and health of river and lake ecosystems to promote sustainable fisheries [4]. - Conduct comprehensive biodiversity baseline surveys to assess species distribution and ecosystem quality, creating a biodiversity database to prioritize conservation efforts [4]. Innovative Species Protection Measures - Prioritize ecological functions in species release programs, focusing on endangered and locally unique aquatic species, and explore diverse ecological restoration methods [5]. Foundation for Biodiversity Protection - Improve funding mechanisms for biodiversity restoration projects and attract social capital to enhance financial support for ecological initiatives [6][7]. Continuous Comprehensive Benefits - Implement biodiversity catalog management and establish long-term operational maintenance mechanisms to ensure the sustainability of ecological restoration efforts [8]. - Promote the realization of ecological product values by integrating beautiful river and lake construction with industrial development and community benefits [9].

Core Viewpoint - The ecological restoration of the Tohun River in Xinjiang has transformed it from a polluted waterway into a vibrant recreational area, enhancing both environmental quality and local economic opportunities [1][2][3] Group 1: Ecological Restoration Efforts - The Xinjiang government has prioritized the ecological governance of the Tohun River, leading to the approval of a comprehensive ecological restoration plan in May 2016 [2] - The restoration project involved collaboration among Urumqi City, the 12th Division of the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and Changji Prefecture, focusing on different sections of the river [2] - A total investment of 3.817 billion yuan was made over five years to complete the ecological restoration project in Changji City by 2021 [2] Group 2: Environmental and Community Impact - The restoration efforts have resulted in the planting of over 70,000 trees and 132 types of shrubs and flowers, achieving a green coverage rate of 87% across 2,000 acres [3] - The Tohun River has been transformed into a recreational area with parks and facilities, attracting tourists and enhancing local business opportunities [3] - The area has seen an increase in community activities and events, such as marathons and cultural festivals, contributing to a vibrant local economy [3]

Core Insights - The ecological environment of Daihai Lake in Inner Mongolia has significantly improved over the past decade, leading to a resurgence of fish populations and a revitalized landscape [3][5]. Group 1: Ecological Restoration Efforts - Since 2016, comprehensive measures have been implemented to protect water resources, manage water environments, and restore water ecology, referred to as the "three-water co-governance" strategy [4]. - Specific actions include dredging rivers that flow into the lake, promoting emergency water supply projects, and ceasing the use of lake water for industrial purposes [4]. - The area has seen a 5.9 square kilometer increase in lake surface area and a 95 cm rise in water level compared to 2022 [5]. Group 2: Biodiversity and Environmental Indicators - The number of fish species observed in the lake has increased, with notable species such as the Chinese bluegill and mud loach being reported [3][8]. - The overall water quality has improved, with vegetation coverage in the watershed reaching 70% and bird species increasing from 68 to 101 [8]. - Local residents have reported economic benefits from the improved ecosystem, with increased income from tourism-related activities [8].