Core Viewpoint - The prevalence of viral hepatitis in Shandong has significantly decreased, with the hepatitis B surface antigen positivity rate dropping to 2.25%, and the rate among children under 5 years old falling from 8% in 1992 to 0.03% currently [1][2] Group 1: Vaccination Efforts - The province has implemented a comprehensive prevention strategy focusing on vaccination, with 2.6214 million doses of hepatitis A and B vaccines administered to eligible children in 2024, achieving a full vaccination rate of over 95% [1] - Since 1992, hepatitis B vaccination has been promoted among newborns, and since 2002, it has been included in the children's immunization program, provided free of charge [1] - In 2011, the province began providing free hepatitis B immunoglobulin to newborns of hepatitis B surface antigen-positive mothers to further prevent mother-to-child transmission [1] Group 2: Monitoring and Public Health Initiatives - A robust epidemic reporting system has been established, with viral hepatitis cases reported within 24 hours of diagnosis since 2004 [2] - The province has launched a three-year action plan (2023-2025) to eliminate the public health threat of hepatitis B, implementing strong public health interventions and promoting safe drinking water [2] - Ongoing efforts include monitoring susceptible populations and standardizing patient management to prevent mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B [2]

Group 1 - The series report "New Ideas Lead to New Journeys" emphasizes the importance of cultural strength in China's modernization and national rejuvenation, highlighting Xi Jinping's cultural thoughts and practices in Zhejiang [3] - The implementation of the "Childcare Subsidy System" aims to support families and improve child-rearing conditions, reflecting the government's commitment to social welfare [4] - The "14th Five-Year Plan" period has seen a significant strengthening of the national financial foundation, which supports economic and social development [6] Group 2 - Over 6.8 million monitored individuals have been assisted to stabilize and eliminate the risk of returning to poverty, demonstrating the effectiveness of poverty alleviation efforts [7] - The overall ecological environment quality in China has shown continuous improvement in the first half of the year, indicating progress in environmental protection [9][8] - The protection of rare aquatic species in the Yangtze River basin has made significant advancements, supported by technological measures such as artificial breeding and intelligent monitoring [10] Group 3 - The Ministry of Civil Affairs and the Ministry of Natural Resources have issued a notice to strengthen the planning of elderly care service facilities, addressing the needs of an aging population [12] - The national agricultural product quality safety monitoring showed a compliance rate of 97.9% for various food categories, reflecting the effectiveness of food safety measures [13] - The new generation of "China Regional Geological Records" has been released, providing comprehensive geological data to support mining breakthroughs and urban construction [16]

◎科技日报记者 于紫月 编者按 7月28日是第15个世界肝炎日。我国今年的宣传主题是"社会共治 消除肝炎"，旨在动员全社会共 同参与，有效控制病毒性肝炎流行，减少病毒性肝炎相关肝硬化和肝癌的发生及其导致的死亡。为此， 科技日报推出肝炎防治专题报道，邀请专家进行科普，帮助公众正确认识肝炎，守护肝脏健康。 病毒性肝炎是众多肝炎中最常见的类型之一，被广泛关注。但人们对这种疾病也存在一些认识误区。为 此，记者采访多位专家，请他们澄清错误认知，为病毒性肝炎的防治支招。 误区一：接触病毒性肝炎患者就会被传染 握手、拥抱、共处一室……不少人认为与病毒性肝炎患者日常接触就会被传染，事实果真如此吗？ 首都医科大学附属北京友谊医院肝病中心主任医师王宇告诉记者，病毒性肝炎是由肝炎病毒引起的、最 常见的肝炎类型之一，是我国法定乙类传染病。常见的病毒性肝炎主要包括甲、乙、丙、戊等类型，不 同类型病毒性肝炎的传播方式不同。"并非所有的日常接触都存在传染病毒性肝炎的风险。"王宇说。 甲肝和戊肝二者通过粪—口途径传播，因此日常接触甲肝和戊肝患者有被感染的风险。"但日常与乙 肝、丙肝患者共处一室、共用办公用品、住同一宿舍、在同一餐厅用餐、共用 ...